Wednesday, 4/20-Visceral Afferent Pathways (Stephens)

Question 1

Fibers from the NTS can project to this nucleus which sends pregaglionic parasympathetic fibers to the sphenopalatine ganglion which innervates the lacrimal gland. This nucleus also sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular ganglion, which innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands. The Response is increased lacrimation and salivation

Answer 1

Superior salivatory nucleus

-Solitary-Superior Salivatory reflex pathway

Question 2

Fibers from the NTS project to this nucleus which sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion, which innervates the parotid gland. The response is increased salivation.

Answer 2

Inferior Salivatory nucleus

-Solitary-Inferior salivatory reflex pathway

Question 3

Fibers from the NTS project to this nucleus which sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to scattered ganglia located in the larynx, pharynx, thorax, and abdomen. Postanglionic fibers innervate small glands in these areas. The response is increased secretion

Answer 3

Dorsal motor nucleus

-Solitary-Dorsal motor nucleus (X) pathway

Question 4

Fibers from the NTS project information to this nucleus via interneurons in the RF. This nucleus innervates the muscles of the larynx and pharynx. The response is for deglutition

Answer 4

Nucleus Ambiguus

-Solitary-Nucleus ambiguus pathway

Question 5

Increased CO2 —> Sinocarotid nerve (vagus n.) —> ___ nucleus –> Reticular formation –> Phrenic nucleus –> Diaphragm –> Increased ventilation

Answer 5

Nucleus tractus solitarius

This is the Carotid Body Reflex

Question 6

Touch pharyngeal mucosa –> CN IX –> ___ nucleus –> Reticular formation –> ___ nucleus –> Pharyngeal branch of X –> Gagging

Answer 6

Nucleus tractus solitarius

Nucleus ambiguus

This is the Gag Reflex

Question 7

In the BLADDER REFLEX:

Pseudounipolar sensory neurons in the peripheral nerves send impulses through the dorsal root to the __ nucleus located in S2-4 –> Interneurons convey the stimulus to the __ nucleus at S2-4 –> Efferent neurons at S2-4 from this nucleus stimulates the muscles of the bladder to contract –> VOiding the bladder

Answer 7

• Visceral afferent nucleus

- Sacral autonomic nucleus

Question 8

Transection of the SC above S2 interrupts the __ tracts to the sacral autonomic nucleus and the pt is unable to voluntarily void his bladder (i.e., there is urinary retention). After ___, the bladder reflex may return without voluntary control and the pt will have automatic reflex voiding or a reflex bladder

Answer 8

• lateral reticulospinal

- spinal shock

Question 9

___ is due to lesions of the dorsal roots of S2-4 or dorsal funiculi. It results in a flaccid bladder and increased bladder capacity. Voluntary voiding is possible but incomplete.

Answer 9

Atonic bladder

Question 10

In the brainstem, all GVA fibers (VII, IX, X) terminate in the ___.

Answer 10

NTS