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Weather Hazards Flashcards

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1
Q

Write a Definition Of Atmospheric Circulation?

A
  • It Is The Layer Of Air Surrounding The Earth Surfaces.
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2
Q

Write a Definition Of Global Atmospheric Circulation?

A
  • It Is The Way Our Atmosphere Circulates Around The Earth.
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3
Q

How Many Cells Are Circulating The Earth?

A
  • 6
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4
Q

How Many Are Found In The North and South Hemisphere?

A
  • 3
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5
Q

What Repeats On Both Sides?

A
  • The Same Number Of Patterns and The Same Number of Cells.
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6
Q

Name The 3 Different Types Of Cells?

A
  • Hadley
  • Ferrel
  • Polar
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7
Q

Describe The Location Of The Hardly Cell and What Is Created?

A
  • Its Located At The Equator The Hot,Moist Air Rises and Creates Low Pressure.Then It Moves To a Higher Latitudes 30° and Cools and Condenses Forming Clouds.
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8
Q

What Happens When The Heated Air Has Risen?

A

It Divides and Goes To The Northern and Southern Hemisphere.

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9
Q

What Type Of Pressure Does Cool Are Create When Its Sinks and What Isn’t Created?

A
  • High Pressure
  • This Means Clods Can’t Form.
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10
Q

Describe The Location Of The Ferrel Cell and What Is Created?

A
  • At 30°-60° latitude, warm air travels north and meets cold air blowing from the poles. The interaction causes the warm air to rise as it is forced upward by the cold air, creating a region of low pressure.”
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11
Q

Write a Definition Of Polar Front?

A
  • The Polar Front Is a The Boundary Between Cold Air From Polar Regions and Warm Air From Areas With Lower Latitudes.
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12
Q

How Many Millimetre do Areas On The Polar Front and What’s The Average Temperature?

A
  • 1,500 - 2,000mm Per Average.
  • The Average Temperate Is 16°
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13
Q

Describe The Location Of The Polar Cell and What Is Created?

A
  • They are Located 60° North Or South Of The Equator Moist,Warm Air Rises and Travel To The Pole (90°) Where Is Sinks.
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14
Q

Write a Definition Of a Pressure Belt?

A
  • These Air Circulations That Create Different Areas Of Pressure.
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15
Q

Write The Difference Between High and Low Pressure?

A
  • Low Pressure Is When Air Rises.
  • High Pressure Is When The Air Sinks.
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16
Q

Describe The Location Of Where High Pressure Happens?

A
  • It Happens at The Poles and 30° Either Side Of The Equator.
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17
Q

Describe The Location Of Where Low Pressure Happens?

A
  • It Happens 60° Either Side Of The Equator
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18
Q

Explain Where The Hottest Place Is On Earth and Explain Why?

A
  • The Equator Is The Hottest.
  • This Is Because The Suns Heat Is More Concentrated.
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19
Q

Explain Where The Coldest Place Is On Earth and Explain Why?

A
  • The North and South Pole.
  • This Is Because The Suns Heat Is More Concentrated.
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20
Q

Describe The Definition Of Temperate and Tropical?

A
  • Tropical Is Warm Weather.
  • Temperate Is Mild Weather Not To Cold Or Hot.
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21
Q

What’s The Weakest Cell and Explain Why?

A
  • Ferrel Cell
  • Because It Has a Weak Heat Source and Heats Rises Creating High Pressure.
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22
Q

Surface Winds Will Blow From (_______) Pressure To (________) Pressure.

A
  • High and Low
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23
Q

What’s The Area Near The Equator That Gets Low Pressure?

A
  • Doldrums
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24
Q

Where Do Trade Winds Once They Have Gone To The Dessert?

A
  • Doldrums
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25
Q

What 3 Other Names Do Tropical Storms Also Have?

A
  • Typhoon
  • Cyclone
  • Hurricane
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26
Q

What Provides Energy For a Strom?

A
  • Warm Ocean Water
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27
Q

Why Do Storms Slow Down When They Hit Land?

A

-Because They Lose Their Source Of Energy (The Sea)

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28
Q

Describe 4 Facts About Tropical Storms?

A
  • They Happen Between 5° And 20° North and South Of The Equator When The Temperature Is 26° Or Over.
  • Winds Are In Excess Of 160KM Per Year.
  • Intense Rainfall Happens After It (250-300 mm).
  • It Can Cause Landslides and Surges.
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29
Q

Write a Definition Of The Coriolis Force?

A
  • It Is Where There Isn’t Enough Spin To Create The Swirling Winds.
30
Q

What’s The Acronym The Rembert The Causes Of Tropical Storms?

A
  • R - Rotation
  • A - Air Pressure
  • W - Wind Shear
  • T - Temperature
31
Q

Explain the 3 steps involved in the formation of a tropical storm?

A
  • 1) Water Evaporates From The Ocean Surface and Comes Into Contact With Mass Of Cold Air Forming Clouds.
  • 2) A Colum Of Low Pressure Develops at The Center . Winds Form around a Column.
  • 3) As Pressure In The Central Column (The Eye) Weakens The Speed Of The Wind Around It Increases.
32
Q

Write a Definition Of The Eye and Eye Wall?

A

-The Eye Is The Area That Is Very Calm And Cloudy and Its Extremely Low Pressure.
- The Eye Wall Is Where The Thuder,Lightning Happens and Winds Can Reach 240KM Per Hour.

33
Q

Where Do They Predict Hurricanes In The USA?

A
  • National Hurricane Center
34
Q

What’s The Acronym To Remember The Different Ways To Predict a Hurricane?

A
  • M - Monitoring
  • P - Predicting
  • P - Protechting
  • P - Planning
35
Q

What Did They Use To Monitor The Hurricane and What Can They Track?

A
  • They Were Using Satellites To Record Warning Signs And See The Formation.
  • They can Track The Formation Of a Storm and The Path That It Is Travelling.
36
Q

What Did They Use To Predict The Hurricane and What Can They Track?

A
  • They Will Use Computer Modelling.
  • They Can Track The Route,Intesity and Height Of a Storm.
37
Q

What Did They Use To Protect The Land From a Hurricane and What Can They Build?

A
  • They Can Protect The Land By Planting Mangrove Trees, Building Sea Walls,Storm Drains.
  • They Can Build Houses On Higher Ground And Use Reinforced Glass To Protect Windows.
38
Q

What Did They Use To Plan The Hurricane and What Can They Track?

A
  • They Use Community Awareness Hazard Map and Evacuation Orders Warring People About The Storm So They Can Evacuate.
39
Q

Which Area In Asia Did Typhon Haiyan Hit and Which Countries Were Hit?

A

-It Happened In South East Asia.
- Phippns,Taiwan,Vietnam and South China Were Affected

40
Q

When Did The Typhoon Hit and How Fast Was The Typhoon?

A
  • The Typhoon Hit On November 2013.
  • It Was 1 Of The Strongest Tropical Cyclones Ever Recoded With Wind Speed Of 314 KM/H.
41
Q

Describe 3 Reasons Why The Philippines Was Worstly Impacted By Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • The Strom Path.
  • Low Economic Development.
  • Minimal Investment On Prediction,Planning and Protection.
42
Q

Name 4 immediate responses of the Philippines Reacting To Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • 800,000 People Were Evacuated Following a Televised Warning By The President.
  • Emergency Aid Arrived 3 Days Later Once The Airport Reopened.
  • Power was restore within the week.
  • To Reduce Looting a Curfew Was Introduced 2 Days After The Typhoon.
43
Q

Name 2 Long-Term responses of the Philippines Reacting To Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • A New Storm Surge Warning System Has Been Devolved.
  • Mangroves Have Been Replanted to absorb Furth Storm Surges.
44
Q

Name 5 Social Impacts Of Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • More Than 7,000 People Were Killed.
  • 1.9 Million People Were Left Homeless and More Than 6 Million Displace.
  • 90% Of Tacloban Was Destroyed.
  • Widespread Looting Took Place In The Following Days.
  • 8 People Dies In a Stampede For Food Suppliers.
45
Q

Name 4 Environmental Impacts Of Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • 71,000 Hectares Of Farmland Were Affected.
  • Widespread Floods Damaged And Destroyed Homes and Business.
  • Flooding Caused an Oil Spill Affecting Mangrove Ecosystems.
  • Seawater and Chemicals From Industry And Sewerage System Contaminated Surface and Ground Water.
46
Q

Name Economic Impacts Of Typhoon Haiyan?

A
  • 6 Million Workers Lost Their Source Of Income.
  • Rice Price Increased By 12%.
  • Tacloban’s City airport was severely damage affecting business and tourism.
  • Fishing Communities were Severely Affected Destroying 30,000 Boats.
  • The Overall Economic Impact Was Estimated to be $5.8 Billon.
47
Q

What’s The Life Span For a Tropical Storm and How Many Kilometres Can They Be Wide?

A
  • 7-14 Days
  • 100s
48
Q

Write a Definition Of Looting?

A

-It Is Where People Break Into To Stores And Steal Goods But This Is During a war,Natural Diaster,Rioting.

49
Q

What Scale Is Used Tropical Storms?

A
  • Saffir-Simpson Scale
50
Q

What’s The Acronym To Remember The 4 Hazards Of a Tropical Storm?

A
  • F - Flooding
  • H - High Wind
  • L - Landslides
  • S - Storm Surges
51
Q

How Much Energy Does a Tropical Storm Have?

A

It Has More Energy Than 500,000 Atomic Bombs

52
Q

Write a Definition of a Storm Surge?

A
  • It is a series of Waves That Blow On Shore which are 5-10 Metres in height.
53
Q

What Threat Will The Salt In Seawater Have?

A

It Will Kills Plants Because Its Dangerous.

54
Q

Write a Definition of a Weather Hazard?

A
  • It Is any naturally occurring weather condition that has the potential to cause either harm or damage.
55
Q

Name 5 Weather Hazards Found In The Uk?

A
  • Prolonged Rainfall
  • ThunderStorms
  • Extreme Cold and Heavy Snow
  • Strongs Winds
  • Extreme Heat
56
Q

Name 2 Reasons How The Uk Weather Is Becoming More Extreme?

A
  • Their Is More Energy In The Atmosphere.
  • Global Warming Is making It Hotter
57
Q

Explain 1 Way The Uk Weather Is Getting More Extreme?

A

-The Weather Is Getting More Hotter.
-This Is Because Their Are More Heatwaves and Global Warming Is Increasing.
- and The Average Temperature is rising 3-4°.

58
Q

Describe The Location Of Somerset Flooding and The Year It Happened?

A
  • Its Located In The South-West Of England.
    -It Covers 650KM².
  • It Happened In 2014
  • Most Of The Landscape Is Below Sea-Level.
59
Q

What’s The Maximum Altitude In Somerset?

A

8 Metres

60
Q

Flat Landscape Between (_____________) And (___________)

A
  • Quantock
  • Mendip Hills
61
Q

What Are The 3 Nearby Rivers?

A
  • River Brue
  • River Parrett
  • River Tone
62
Q

Give Example Of 4 Nearby Civilisation?

A
  • Glastonbury
  • Muchelney
  • Taunton
  • Bridgewater
63
Q

Name 2 Things That Happened In 2014?

A
  • The Uk Was By The Worst Storm For 20 Years.
  • The Somerset Levels Experienced Lots Flooding in Parrett and tone Rivers.
64
Q

How Much Flooding Happened In Somerset?

A
  • More Than 65 Million m³ Of Flood Water Covered an Area OF 65KM² Which Means That 10% Of That Area Was Underwater.
65
Q

Name 2 Facts About Somerset Unique Landscape?

A
  • OverTime The Somerset Levels Have Been Drained and Irrigated For Agriculture and Resident Purposes.
  • Dutch Engineers Helped To Drain The Levels In The 17th Century By Digging Diches To Create Channels To Allow Farming.
66
Q

Name 3 Physical Causes Of Flooding?

A
  • The Bristol Channel Blocked Floodwater Trying To Escape The Somerset Levels.
  • High Tides In The Bristol Channel Also Blocked The Floodwater.
  • Coastal Defences Coped With The Tidal Surges.
67
Q

Name 2 Human Causes Of FloodIng?

A
  • Leading Up To 2014 There Had Been Less dredging of the river channel of somerset levels.
  • Much Of The Land Had Been Converted From Grassland to grow Maize this Means The Land Is Able To restain Water.
68
Q

Name 3 Social Impacts Of Flooding?

A
  • Over 600 Homes Flooded.
  • Many Main Roads Were Closed Including A361.
  • Several Incidents of Crime Including 900 Litres of Fuel being stolen from a pumping station in westonzoyland.
69
Q

Name 4 Economic Impacts of Flooding?

A
  • Insurance Costs Increased.
  • Fuel To Power Emergency Pumps Cost £200,000 a Week.
  • An Estimated £1 Million Was Lost By Local Business.
70
Q

Name 2 Environmental Impacts of Flooding?

A
  • Over 6,880 Hectares Of Agriculture Land Were Flooded.
  • Soil Was Damaged After Being Underwater For Nearly 3 Months.
71
Q

Name 3 Immediate Responses To Somerset Flooding?

A
  • Rescue Crews Supported Residents at Moorland In Evacuating.
  • The Army Arrived With Specialist Equipment and Issued Sandbags and Food.
  • 65 Pumps Were Used To Drain 65 Million³ of Floodwater.
72
Q

Name 4 Long-Term Responses To Somerset Flooding?

A
  • adding a permanent pumping station.
  • raising a road in Muchelney.
  • repairing damaged flood banks.
  • Construction Of a Tidal Barrage To Hols Back Tidal Surges.

Geography (12 decks)

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