Climate Change Flashcards
Write a Definition of Climate Change?
- Climate Change is any Significant Change in the Earth Climate Over a Long Peroid.
Write a Definition of Global Warming?
- Global Warming Describes the sharp rise in global temperatures over the last century.
How old do Geologist Think Planet Earth is?
- 4.6 Billion Years ago.
When Was the Last Ice Age?
- 10,000 Years Ago
What is The current Time Period and How old is It?
- The Current Time Period is the Quaternary Time Period.
- The Quetery Time Period is 2.6 Million Years ago.
Write a Definition of Glacial?
- Glacial is a Ice Age.
What does Glaciers Advance Mean?
- Glaciers Advance Means That Glaciers Grow South from the North Pole.
Write a Definition of Retreat?
- Retreat Means that Glaciers Melt and Return toward The Poles.
Write a Definition of Interglacial?
- Interglacial is a Warm Period between Ice Ages.
What Happened to Temperatures 5.5 Million Years Ago?
- The Temperature Were Warmer than Today.
What Happened to Temperatures 2.6 Million Years Ago?
- Temperatures Cooled and Then Enterded 100,000 Year Ice Age Cycle.
What Happened to Temperatures Over 420,000 Years Ago?
- Temperature Fluctuated in 100,000 Year Cycle.
What’s The Acrimony To Remember the 6 Pieces of Evidence for Climate Change?
- S - Sea Ice Melting.
- P - Painting.
- S - Satellite and Water Data.
- I - Ice Cores.
- S - Sediment Cores.
- T - Tree Rings.
Write a Definition of Instrumental Data and give 3 examples of Instrumental data?
- Instrumental Data Is data measured in real time using scientific instruments.
- For Example: Themetors,Satellite based radiometre, and Ice Caps.
Write a Definition of Proxy?
- Proxy Means A Approximate Estimate.
What Are Ice Cores/Sheets Made up and How do They form and what do scientist do?
- Ice Cores/sheets are made up of a layer of ice.
- 1 layer of ice is formed each year.
- Scientist Then Drill into ice sheets to get long cores of ice.
How do Ice Cores show us evidence for climate change?
- Gases from the atmosphere Trap into these layers of ice and scientist can tell what was the temperate.
What happens to the tree rings when tress grow?
- The Trees that grow more and more each year form a new ring.
Tress get thicker in (________) and (________) Conditions.
warm and wet
How do Tree rings Show us Evidence for climate change?
- Scientists take tree cores to count the rings to find the age of the tree.
- The thickness shows how what climate was like.
Pollen from (______________) Get Preserved In (_____________)
- Plants and Sediment
Write a Definition of Marine Sediment Cores?
- Marine Sediment Cores is A Cylinder Of Ocean Sediments Removed from The Ocean Floor.
What can Sediment cores shows Scientist?
- Sediment Cores can Show the date that pollen was preserved in sediments.
- This can show what creatures were alive at that time.
Write a Definition of Milankovitch cycles and Who Discovered Them?
- Milankovitch Cycles are Cyclical Variations in the Earth’s orbit around the sun.
- The Serbian Geophysicist Milutin Milankovitch.
Why is Ice Important to the Earth climate?
- when Sunlight hits the ground its absorbed.
- But ice is white and the color white reflects sunlight.
- But ice only forms in cold Conditions.
Why is the northern hemisphere so important for regulating earths climate?
- There is More Land in the North pole Compared to the South Pole.
- Land Freezes more quickly than water so ice freezes on land more easily.
Name 3 Natural Causes of Climate Change?
- 1) Milankovitch Cycle.
-2) Volcanic activity. - 3) Sunspots.
Name the 3 Parts of Milankovitch Cycles
- 1) Eccentricity.
- 2) Obliquity (Tilt).
- 3) Orbital Precession.
Write a Definition of Eccentricity?
- Eccentricity is The Changing of The Orbit of Earth Around the Sun from a Circular shape of ellipses.
How Does the Earth’s Orbit affects its climate?
- The Earth’s Orbit Goes from being circular to oval (elipse) During January earth receives 6% more sunlight.
How long is the orbit cycle?
- 100,000 Year Cycle.
How much is the Earth Tilted?
- 23.5°
How does the Earth tilt affect its Climate?
-The More Earth Tilts the More sunlight is received in summer.
- Which Means more ice Melts and less light is reflected and creates a warmer earth.
How Long is The Tilt Cycle?
- 41,000 Year Cycle.
Write a Definition of Precession?
- Precession is the wobbles of the earth’s axis.
How Does the Earth’s Wobbles Affects Its Climate?
- The Wobble Dictates Which Direction the Northern Hemispheres is forcing in January.
How Long is The Wobble Cycle?
- 20,000 Year Cycle
Write a Definition of Sunspots and How Long is the sunspot cycle?
- A Sunspot is a Dark spot on the Sun.
- The Sunspot cycle is 11 years cycle.
What do Sunspots Cause?
- Sunspots Cause Temperature Change on Earth.
What Do Volcanoes release and how can it affect the earth’s climate?
- Volcanoes release gas and ash.
- that gas and ash act as a cooling effect on the earth temperature.
Write a Definition of Volcanic Winter?
- A volcanic winter is a significant and prolonged cooling of Earth’s climate caused by large-scale volcanic eruptions
Name 2 Ways Volcanic Eruption Cause Volcanic Winter?
- 1) Large Amounts of Volcanic Ash can stay in the atmosphere to block the sun.
- 2) Volcano Eruptions can emit sulfurous gas.
Write a Definition of The greenhouse Effect?
- The greenhouse Effect is a Natural Process where Greenhouse gases trap the energy from the sun inside the earth’s atmosphere.
Name 4 Gases That mainly Trap Inside the Atmosphere and why is it called the greenhouse effect?
- Carbon Dioxide,Methane,Water Vapour and Nitrous Oxide Mainly Trap inside the Atmosphere.
- It Called the Greenhouse effect because in a Greenhouse The sun shines through the glass which heats up the air inside and then heat is then trapped in the greenhouse.
Write a Definition of Enhanced greenhouse Effect?
- Enhanced Greenhouse Effect is a Natural Process Where the earth’s surface is heated by the greenhouse effect at a higher rate due to increased greenhouse gas emission from human activities.
List the 6 Steps of How the Greenhouse Effect Works?
- 1) The sun’s Radiation Travels towards the earth.
- 2) About half of it is reflected or Absorbed by clouds in the atmosphere.
- 3) The rest then reaches the earth Where its absorbed by oceans and land.
- 4) The earth then releases heat back into space.
- 5) Some of this Heat Passes directly Through the atmosphere.
- 6) But most of it is captured and retained by greenhouse gases
Name 4 Human Causes of Climate Change?
- 1) Industry.
- 2) Agriculture.
- 3) Deforestation.
- 4) Cement Production
How does Industry affect Climate Change?
- Factories burn fossils fuels Which contribute to the greenhouse effect.
How Does Agriculture Affect Climate Change?
- Cows Fart and Release Methane Which can Contribute to the greenhouse effect.
How does Deforestation affect Climate Change?
- Plants Remove CO2 From the Atmosphere so when they are cut down They stop taking CO2.
How does Cement Production affect Climate Change?
- Cement is Made from Limestone Which Release CO2 Into the Atmosphere.
What’s The Acronym to remember the 4 Global Impact of Climate Change?
- H - Health
- O - Oceans
- W - Water
- F -Food
How does Food Lead to global impacts of climate change?
- In Some Areas increased flooding will destroy crops and in other areas increased droughts will prevent crops from growing.
How does Health Lead to global impacts of climate change?
- Diseases Spread more easily because of mosquitos ( Malaria ) this is because of ideal temperature just right for mosquitoes.
How does Oceans Lead to global impacts of climate change?
- When ice in antarctica melts sea levels rise.
How does Water Lead to global impacts of climate change?
Precipitation Rain and Snow will increase meaning more freshwater is avialble.
Write a Definition of Mitigation and Adaptation?
- Mitigation is Reducing the Causes of Climate Change.
- Adaptation is Responding to climate change by coming up with ways to live and cope with the effects
Give 3 Examples of Adaptation and 4 Examples Of Mitigation?
- Adaption: Reducing risk from rising sea levels,Managing Water supply and Change in agriculture systems.
- Mitigation: Carbon Captur,planting trees,international agreements and aleter energy production.
Write a Description of Carbon Capture and where will it be trapped?
- Carbon capture refers to the process of capturing (CO₂) emissions from industrial processes, power plants, or from the atmosphere to prevent their release into the environment.
- The CO2 Emissions will be trapped Underground
Write 1 Pro and 1 Con of Carbon Capture?
- Pro: 90% Of carbon can be captured.
- Con: The carbon may leak into the ground.
Write a Description of Managing water supply and give 1 Pro and 1 Con?
- Using water is an area that will need to change as summers et drier and water shortages are more common.
- Pro: Reduces the Demand for water.
- Con: it Uses lots of Enrgy.
Write a Description of Alternative energy production and give 1 Pro and 1 Con?
- We need more energy as countries develop using renewable energy is better for the environment.
- Pro:Produces Jobs in solar and wind production.
- Con:It Needs lots of sunlight and wind.
Write a Description of Change in agriculture system and Write 1 Con?
- Agriculture is a big business that depends on reliant climate for growth of crops.
- Con: In LICs Irrigation cost can be expensive.
Write a Description of Planting Trees and write 1 Pro and 1 Con?
- Removal Trees by Deforestation is Happening In NEEs and LICs.
- Pro: Restores increase biodiversity.
- Con: Cost of Buying land to plant trres.
Write a Description of Reducing rise of sea level And give 1 pro and 1 Con?
- Thames Barrier aims to protect london against sea level rise.
- Pro: Reduce the cost of sea level rise.
- Con:Not stopping the issue.
Write a Descriptions International Agreements and give 1 pro and 1 con?
- International is Where more than 1 country aims to fight climate change.
- Pro: Large scale and Large impact.
- Con: Getting countries to agree is hard.
