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Flight Class 22-13 > Weather Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Weather Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is flight visibility?

A
  1. Flight: ability to see and identify proinent unlighted objects by day and prominent lighted objects at night
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2
Q

What are PIREPs? when do we use them?

A

a voice report given to ATC while airborne for the purpose of advising other aviators of potential hazards

  1. Required when:
    1. requested by ATC
    2. unusual or unforeseen weather conditions are encountered
    3. weather conditions on IFR approach differ from the latest observation
    4. when a missed approach is executed
    5. when wind shear is encountered on departure or arrival
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3
Q

What are Surface Analysis Charts?

When do we use them?

A

Surface Analysis Charts

Display trough, pressure centers, isobars (4 millibar spacing)

Represent past

Look at the pic

identify high/low pressure fronts

Stationary front

Occluded fronts

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4
Q

What are Weather Prognostic Charts?

When do we use them?

A

Prognostic charts

  1. forecast conditions
  2. VFR vs IFR
  3. Big picture planning
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5
Q

on a TAF, what do the following represent?

FM:

BECMG

TEMPO

A
  1. FM: Rapid, permanent change
  2. BECMG: Gradual change in predominant conditions by end time listed
    1. only the changed elements will be listed and will be the new forecast weather until the end of the TAF unless unless changed later by another group
    2. we only care about the second time
  3. TEMPO: temporary condition
    1. only certain items updated
    2. expires at the end of period listed
    3. reverts ot previous line or when superseded by subsequent line
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6
Q

How do we use TAFs in flight planning?

A

Terminal Aerodrome Forecast

Forcast for >24 hours of conditions

use to determine destination weather

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7
Q

What are Winds-Aloft Forecasts?

when do we use them?

A

helps with selection of altitude during flight

*I wish I could tell you more about reading these…

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8
Q

What is ground based weather Radar?

A

radar senses reflectivity.

anything 55 db or higher indicates hail

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9
Q

Describe the use of satellite imaggery

A

shows cloud cover

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10
Q

What are Severe Weather Watch messages?

A

boils down to:

DON’T FLY IN THIS

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11
Q

What is vertical visibility?

A

VV is the distance seen directly upward from the ground in a total obscuration

  1. Used when:
    1. sky is totally hidden
    2. base within 50’ of surface

*greatly affects Slant Range Visibility

**referred to as an “indefinate Ceiling”

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12
Q

SIGMET

Convective:

Non-Convective

A

SIGMET

issued for 4 hours

  1. Convective- thunderstorm related
    1. implies severe or greater turbulence, severe icing, and low level wind shear
  2. Non-Convective SIGMET- not thunderstorm related
    1. severe icing
    2. severe or extreme turbulence
    3. dust/sand storms reducing visibility to <3 miles
    4. volcanic ash
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13
Q

What is Prevailing Visibility

A

Prevailing: Greatest horizontal visibility throughout at least half of the horizon circle (visibility does not need to be contiguous)

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14
Q

What is Slant range visibility?

A

slant range: distance on final approach when the runway environment is in sight

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15
Q

What is Runway visual range (RVR)?

A

runway visual range (RVR) horizontal distance looking down the runway

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16
Q

What type of cloud cover do we care about with ceilings?

A

Broken or overcast

Broken = 5/8-7/8 of sky covered with clouds

Overcast = 8/8 of sky with clouds

**The ceiling is the lowest broken or overcast layer

17
Q

When are PIREPS required:

A
  1. requested by ATC
  2. unususal or unforseen weather conditions
  3. when on an IFR approach and the weather conditions are different from the latest observation
  4. missed approach is executed
  5. wind shear is encountered
18
Q

What type of weather is associated with a Convective SIGMET?

How often are they issued?

how long are they valid?

A

Convective SIGMET

Thunderstorm related (but not the most severe of thunderstorms), SEVERE or greater turbulence, SEVERE icing, LLWS

issued hourly at hour+55

valid up to 2 hours

19
Q

What type of weather is associated with a

Non- Convective SIGMET?

A

Non-Convective SIGMET

SEVERE icing/turbulence not related to a thunderstorm

dust/sand storms that lower visibility to <3 SM

Volcanic Ash

*issued every 4 hours

20
Q

How far apart are the isobars on a surface analysis chart?

A

4 millibar spacing

*purpose of a surface chart is to show pressure

21
Q

What is METAR?

when do we use it?

A

“current conditions”

use METAR for criteria for take off

22
Q

Given the METAR Below

what are the winds at KNPA?

A

Winds are the third set of numbers

270/06

Flight Class 22-13 (11 decks)

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