WBC Malignancies Flashcards
Tumor is originally a leukocyte, present in blood and bone marrow
Leukemia
Tumor is originally in a lymph node, present in lymph tissue
Lymphoma
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
malignancy of granulocytes
preceded by MPD or MDS
20% blasts in the bone barrow
Mostly adults, mid 60s
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Granulocytes affected (high counts)
Philadelphia chromosome - mutation BCR-ABL gene
Mostly adults, 40-50 y.o.
Anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Bone pain, bleeding, fever, infection
B-cell malignancy, blasts (immature cells)
Common in children (3-7 y.o.), 5-year survival (85%)
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia/Lymphoma (ALL)
Fatigue, weight loss, anorexia
Asymptomatic
B-cell malignancy
Older adults
Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia/Lymphoma (CLL)
Low back pain, fever, night sweats, kidney dysfunction
Malignant antibody-secreting B-cells
Antibody: Bence-Jones proteins
Older adults (over 50 y.o.)
In favor of forming bony tumors
Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Myeloma)
Painless lymphadenopathy (abnormal in size) with constitutional s/sx
Reed-Sternberg cells - malignant B-cell
Slow, predictable progression of disease
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Painless lymphadenopathy (abnormal in size) with constitutional s/sx
B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells,
Unpredictable progression of disease, disseminated at diagnosis
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
immature cells (blasts), onset: weeks-months
acute
mature cells, onset: months-years
chronic
- Unknown etiology (genetics, radiation, HIV, Epstein-Barr virus, human T-lymphocyte virus)
- Fever, weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, bone pain, bleeding
- Enlarged spleen/liver, lymph nodes that are abnormal in size
- Labs: Anemia or polycythemia, increased/decreased platelets, leukopenia (low WBC count)/leukocytosis (high WBC count), hypercalcemia
Leukemia/lymphoma
Clinical manifestions of hematologic malignancy
Constitution: fever, weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, HA, N/V
Pain: bone
Labs: anemia/polycythemia, leukopenia (decrease WBC)/leukocytosis (increase WBC), hypercalcemia
