Blood Flow

Question 1

Tunica intima, tunica media (muscle), tunica adventitia

Answer 1

Layers of vessels

Question 2

Vessels need to contain a certain amount of blood to allow expandability or the vessel will collapse

Answer 2

Law of Laplace

Question 3

Vasomotor center

Answer 3

Extrinsic control of flow

Question 4

Nitric oxide (dilation)
Angiotensin II (constriction)

Answer 4

Intrinsic control of flow

Question 5

Thrombus
Embolus

Answer 5

Vessel obstructions

Question 6

Atherosclerosis
Valvular incompetence
AV malformations
Aneurysms

Answer 6

Vessel structural alteration

Question 7

Pain: claudication, ulcers
Skin: cool, decreased/no hair, pallor, diminished pulses, paresthesia

Answer 7

Arterial insufficiency

Question 8

Pain: aching, cramping
Skin: warm, reddish brown pigment, varicose veins

Answer 8

Venous insufficiency

Question 9

Allows for back flow of blood in the veins

Answer 9

Venous valvular incompetence

Question 10

Buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls
Intrinsic clotting cascade

Answer 10

Atherosclerosis

Question 11

Tobacco, hypertension, cholesterol/lipid intake, obesity, stress, sedentary lifestyle, family history, age, gender, ethnicity

Answer 11

Risk factors of atherosclerosis

Question 12

Sudden/severe chest pain radiating to back
Asymmetrical pulses
Stroke, MI, renal ischemia

Answer 12

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 13

External pressure pressure overcomes the lymphatic system and limits the return of fluid

Answer 13

Lymphatic obstruction

Question 14

SV x HR (stroke volume x heart rate)

Answer 14

Q (flow)