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Patho - Exam 2 > Hemostasis/Coagulation > Flashcards

Hemostasis/Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Activated by trauma

A

Extrinsic clotting pathway

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2
Q

Activated by damage to the internal surface of a vessel

A

Intrinsic clotting pathway

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3
Q

immediate vasoconstriction and formation of platelet plug at damaged site

A

Primary hemostasis

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4
Q

Clotting cascade and the formation of fibrin clot

A

Secondary hemostasis

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5
Q

bright, red blood in the stool

A

hematochezia

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6
Q

digested, dark blood in the stool

A

melena

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7
Q

blood in the urine

A

hematuria

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8
Q

coughing up blood

A

hemoptysis

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9
Q

heavy menstrual bleeding

A

menorrhagia

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10
Q

nose bleed

A

epitaxis

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11
Q

PT/INR

A

Lab - Extrinsic Pathway

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12
Q

aPTT

A

Lab - Intrinsic Pathway

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13
Q

Chemotherapy/radiation, cancer in the bone marrow, B12/folate deficiency

A

Decreased production - platelet disorders

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14
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, DIC, medications (thiazides, digoxin, heparin)

A

Decreased survival - platelet disorders

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15
Q

Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen can cause spleen dysfunction), hypothermia

A

Splenic sequestration - platelet disorders

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16
Q

Large blood transfusions, too much RBC and plasma/too few platelets

A

Dilution - platelet disorders

17
Q

Platelet count < 100,000
Easy bruising, mucosal hemorrhage, petechiae, purpura, internal bleeding

A

Thrombocytopenia

18
Q

“immune-to-platelets” = immune mediated destruction
Triggered by viral infection
Associated with autoimmune diseases: AIDS, lupus

A

ITP

19
Q

Factor VIII deficiency, most common (85%), x-linked

A

Hemophilia A

20
Q

Factor IX deficiency, “Christmas Disease”, x-linked

A

Hemophilia B

21
Q

Spontaneous bleeding: joints, mucosa, GI, intracranial
Prolonged bleeding after minor procedures

A

Hemophilia

22
Q

Complex, acquired disorder in which clotting and hemorrhage simultaneously occur

A

DIC

23
Q

malnutrition, malabsorption, antibiotic treatment, anticoagulation therapy

A

can lead to Vit. K deficiency

24
Q

II, VII, IX, X

A

Vit. K dependent clotting factors

25
Q

Inhibits the activity of thrombin, works intrinsically

A

Heparin

26
Q

Vit. K dependent, works extrinsically

A

Coumadin

Patho - Exam 2 (10 decks)

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