WBC disorders

Question 1

define leukemia

Answer 1

Excess proliferation of malignant hematopoietic stem cells = accumulation of immature blast cells within bone marrow =

disrupts normal development of cells in bone marrow = cytopenia (decrease blood cells)

Eventually spill out into blood and settle in organs (especially liver, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus)

Question 2

What is acute leukemia, ALL and AML

Answer 2

1. Acute leukemia = rapid onset of proliferation if immature blast cells
2. acute lymphoblastic ALL = common in children, B and T cell lineage
3. Acute myeloblastic AML = common in elderly, all other blood cell lineage

Question 3

what is chronic leukemia, CLL and CML

Answer 3

1. chronic leukemia - slowly advancing increase in proliferation of immature blast
2. chronic lymphoblastic (CLL) = mostly B cells precursor cells, accumualte inside lymph nodes = mass in lymph nodes
3. chronic myeloblastic (CML) = mostly granulocyte precursor cells

Question 4

S+S of leukemia

Answer 4

• fatigue
• easy bleeding and bruising
• increase infection
• enlarged lymph nodes

Question 5

treatment options leukemia

Answer 5

• chemo therapy
• bone marrow transplant
• radiation

Question 6

patho of lymphoma

Answer 6

Excess, uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes within lymphatic system = tumor formation inside lymph nodes = disrupts lymph node function = weakened immune response)

Question 7

Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 7

• Presence of reed-Stemberg cells (enlarged multi-nucleated pre-apoptotic B cells)

Question 8

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 8

Readily spreads throughout lymphatic system but often randomly

B- cells and T –cells can be affected but B – cells most common for both

Two types:

Aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Fast growing and spreading

Indolent

Slow growing/spreading

Question 9

S+S for lymphoma

Answer 9

S+S for both:

Lymphadenopathy

B-symptoms = include fever, night sweats, weight loss

Fatigue

Pruritus (itching)