Waves Flashcards
What is a transverse wave?
Wave that consists of a disturbance occurring perpendicular to the travel direction of the wave.
What is a longitudinal wave?
- A wave consists of a disturbance occurring parallel to the travel direction of the wave.
- A demonstration would be a spring moving your hands forward and backward creating a longitudinal wave.
- The individual particles in a wave do not travel but only vibrate around a point.
What is a pulse wave?
A wave that is caused by a single disturbance.
What is a periodic wave?
A wave that is caused by a continuous and repetitive disturbance.
What are waves?
A wave is a transfer of energy (not matter).
What can a soundwave travel through?
Anything with particles, like a solid liquid and gas. But not a vaccume.
What is compression?
Where the particles are close together in a wave.
What is rarefraction?
Where the particles are far apart in an area of a longitudinal wave.
What is the speed of sound?
340 m/s (in air)
What is the equation for the speed of sound?
What are amplitude, length, and wavelength?
- Amplitude: The height of a wave from the equilibrium (The maximum height from the equilibrium position)
- Wavelength: The length of one full wave (the difference between two successive similar points on the wave)
- Length: the length of one full wave
What is time period?
The time it takes for a full wave to occur. It is measured in seconds (s).
What is frequency?
- It is the number of waves that pass by per second.
- The units are Hertz (Hz)
- High-pitched sounds have a higher frequency than lower-pitched sounds
- The equation to find frequency is:
What are the symbols?
How do you measure wave speed?
Wave Speed= frequency x wavelength
What is ultrasound?
- Anything higher than 20,000 Hz is considered an ultrasound, humans can’t hear because they have a very high frequency
- Some animals emit ultrasound to locate objects
- Ultrasound has many applications in medicine, including ultrasound scans to check on the health of unborn babies
What is the equation for distance?
Distance+ speed x time
What are reflection, refraction, and diffraction?
- Reflection: when it bounces back off a surface
- Diffraction: When it bends around corners
- Refraction: It changes in speed and direction when it goes into a different substance/ surface
What are light waves?
- Light waves are also known as transverse waves
- They do not need particles to travel through meaning it can travel through a vaccume
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What are the types of electromagnetic radiation?
- Gamma rays
- X-rays
- Ultraviolet
- Visible light
- Infarred
- Microwaves
- Radio waves
What speed do all electromagnetic waves go?
300mil m/s
Remember
What is a normal?
An imaginary line that is perpendicular to the surface in which the ray of light is reflecting off.
What is total internal reflection?
At a certain angle of the light, the light can refract back into the material.
What is spectacular reflection and diffuse reflection?
- Speticular reflection is light reflected in a regular manner
- Diffuse reflection: the light is reflected in random directions if the material isn’t smooth
