Water Supply + Hydrants

Question 1

Name and describe the two types of water supplies:

Answer 1

Static- reservoir, dam, pool

Reticulated- An in and out water supply contained within a pipe network.

Question 2

Describe pressure and what might affect it

Answer 2

the force at which water is supplied.

Affected by lengths of hose, distance between components, consumer use,

Question 3

Describe flow and what might affect it

Answer 3

the quantity of water delivered

Affected by diameter, condition of internal surface and pressure

Question 4

Name three types of Hydrants

Answer 4

Spring Valve Hydrant, Pillar Hydrant and High Capacity Hydrant.

Question 5

What is a water hammer and how does it occur?

Answer 5

A water hammer occurs when a supply is suddenly shut off, causing a shock wave through the water column.

Question 6

What are the three different types of water main?

Answer 6

Trunk main- from source to treatment to reservoir

Service main- a metwork of pipes from the reservoir to feed various pressure zones. Can be easily accessed. Can shut down different portions of service mains for repairs or even to supply more pressure and flow to Fire and Rescue

Ring Main- usually surrounding a high-risk area such as a fuel depot. The ring main can flow in both directions so flow is increased, if one side of loop is damaged the other side will still operate. Shut off valves to control

Question 7

What kind of buildings require Internal Fire Hydrants?

Answer 7

Any building over two storeys high (above or below)
Pre 1994 located 4m from the designated fire exit
Post 1994 located in the designated fire isolated stairwell