Water Poverty

Question 1

How many born without safe water

Answer 1

1 in 6

Question 2

How many in Africa dye from diarrhoea disease from drinking unsafe water

Answer 2

1 in 500

Question 3

Wha X5 areas does the WPI index measure?

Answer 3

• resources
• access
• capacity
• use
• environment

Question 4

What is each sector of the WPI measured out of?

Answer 4

out of 20

Question 5

What sector of the WPI does USA rank low on?

Answer 5

usage

Question 6

How is ‘resources’ measured as part of WPI?

Answer 6

quantity of surface / groundwater and its quality per person

Question 7

How is ‘access’ measured in the WPI?

Answer 7

time / distance to get safe water

Question 8

How is ‘use’ measured in the WPI?

Answer 8

how economically water is used

Question 9

How does development link to water poverty?

Answer 9

poverty can lead to economic scarcity
e.g lack of access to water technology

greater urbanisation may mean more water used for industry compared to more rural, agricultural areas

more money to invest in renewable water resources / efficiency technologies

Question 10

Why are crops and foreign agribusiness bad for developing countries and their water?

Answer 10

money gets repatriated back

cannot be invested into sustainable water technology

Question 11

Population in areas of severe water stress could reach what by 2060?

Answer 11

1.8billion

Question 12

Where is conflict most likely over water?

Answer 12

developing countries with a legacy of poor water management and seeking industrial development

Question 13

UN has suggested there are how many potential water conflicts?

Answer 13

300

Question 14

What has exacerbated the situation in terms of geography and geology causing water conflict?

Answer 14

artificial boundaries and borders don’t fit natural features of river catchments

Question 15

What plan by Las Vegas was approved in 2012?

Answer 15

to pump water 300miles across the desert

Question 16

What is Palestine’s yearly per capita fresh water availability?

Answer 16

100m^3

Question 17

What is USA’s yearly per capita fresh water availability

Answer 17

10,000^3

Question 18

What role does international law play in hydro-disputes?

Answer 18

little clarity to transboundary river disputes

Question 19

What do countries upstream usually claim about transboundary water sources?

Answer 19

territorial sovereignty

Question 20

What do downstream countries usually claim about transboundary water sources?

Answer 20

territorial integrity

Question 21

What is territorial integrity

Answer 21

right to receive same water as have done previously

Question 22

What do hydro-diplomacy agreements often favour?

Answer 22

country w/ greatest economic / political / military power

Question 23

What does “Helsinki Rules” suggest?

Answer 23

“equitable share” should be applied to whole drainage basins

Question 24

For a sustainable future the Helsinki rules takes into account; (x5)

Answer 24

• natural factors (e.g rainfall)
• social / economic needs
• downstream impacts
• dependency
• efficiency

Question 25

What happens with economic development and water demand?

Answer 25

economies move from agricultural demand to industrial demand (water priorities change)

urbanisation and growing wealth (e.g labour saving devices)

Question 26

Why can economic development help to decrease water demand in some areas?

Answer 26

• more accessible technology
  eg drip irrigation
• increasingly water is charged for and is regulated
• water conservation driven by economic concern