Water Cyle 3.1.1.2

Question 1

Evaporation

4

Answer 1

Liquid to gas
Water gains energy from solar radiation
Increases amount of atmospheric water
Depends on amount of solar energy, availability of water, humidity and air temperature

Question 2

Condensation

4

Answer 2

Water vapour - liquid, cools to dew point

Loses energy to surroundings

Decreases atmospheric water

Depends on - amount of Capri, temperature

Question 3

Cloud formation

What they need to form

Answer 3

Warm air cools down,

water vapur condensed to droplets

Gather as clouds

Fall as precipitation

• require tiny dust particles - condensation nuclei

Question 4

3 types of precipitation

Answer 4

Frontal - other air masses. Warm air less than cool, when meter warm wake forces to rise and cool then falls

Orographic - topogrohy. Warm air meets mountains, forces to rise and cook

Convective - convection. Sun heats ground, evaporation - rises and cools

Question 5

2 cryospheric processes

Answer 5

Accumulation - input of snow and ice

Ablation - outputs of water from glacier

Question 6

5 changes affecting the water cycle

Answer 6

Storms and precipitation
Seasonal changes and vegetation
Farming practices 
Land use change
Water abstraction

Question 7

How do storms change cycle

Answer 7

Intense storms - more rainfall, increases peak dishcharge

Larger input of precipitation - increased size of slows, potential increased run off

Question 8

How doe seasonal changes and vegetation affect cycle

Answer 8

Temp varies with season - below freezing will increase cryospheric stores and process
Increased temp - less surface water due to evaporation
Plants vary in season - less/more interception and infiltration

Question 9

How do farming practices affect cycle

4

Answer 9

Ploughing - break up surface - increase infiltration - reduce run off

Crops - increase infiltration and interception - increase evapotrainspration - increase atmospheric water - potentially more rainfall

Livestock - compact ground - decreases infiltration - increases run off

Irrigation - increase runoff if some of water can’t infiltrate. Can’t decreases ground water and river levels

Question 10

how land use change affects cycle

3

Answer 10

Deforestation - reduces vegetation storage- decreases interception and infiltration - increase surface water. Also removes dead plant material I ground which helps infiltration

Increased urban growth - increased impermeable - descreased infoltration - increases run off and flooding risk

Soil drainage - removes excess water through perforated tubes - lowers water table and ground storage

Question 11

How water abstraction affects cycle

Answer 11

Increased to meet high demand - depletion fo stores= sinking water tables and salt water intrusion