Keywords

Question 1

evapotranspiration

Answer 1

total output of water from the drainage basin directly back into atmosphere

Question 2

groundwater flow

Answer 2

slow movement of water through underlying rocks

Question 3

infiltration

Answer 3

downward movement of water from surface into soil

Question 4

overland flow

Answer 4

tendency of water to flow horizontally across land surfaces when rainfall has exceeded infiltration capacity

Question 5

interception storage

Answer 5

precipitation that falls in the vegetation surfaces or human made covers and is temporarily stored in theses surfaces

Question 6

percolation

Answer 6

onward movement of water within the rock under the soil surface

Question 7

run - off

Answer 7

all the water that enters a river channel and eventually flows out of the drainage basin

Question 8

saturated

Answer 8

applies to any water store that has reached its maximum capacity

Question 9

stem flow

Answer 9

proportion of precipitation intercepted by the canopy that reaches the ground by flowing down stems

Question 10

through fall

Answer 10

proportion o precipitation that reaches the found directly through the gaps in vegetation canopy

Question 11

through flow

Answer 11

movement of water down slope through the subsoil under the influence of gravity

Question 12

transpiration

Answer 12

loss of water from vegetation through pores on their surfaces

Question 13

water balance

Answer 13

balance between inputs and outputs in a drainage basin

Question 14

bankfull

Answer 14

maximum discharge that a river channel is capable of carrying without flooding

Question 15

base flows

Answer 15

represents the normal day-day discharge of the river and is the consequence of slow moving soil through flow and groundwater

Question 16

discharge

Answer 16

amount of water in a river flowing past a particular point expressed

Question 17

lag time

Answer 17

time between peak rainfall and peak discharge

Question 18

peak discharge

Answer 18

point on a flood hydrography when river discharge is at its greatest

Question 19

evaporation

Answer 19

process by which liquid changes to a gas

Question 20

drainage basin

Answer 20

area of land drained by a river and its tributaries

Question 21

condesation

Answer 21

process by which water vapour changes to liquid water

Question 22

storm flow

Answer 22

discharge resulting from precipitation involving both overland flow, though flow and groundwater flow

Question 23

storm hydrograph

Answer 23

a graph showing discharge of a river over a time period t o show how normal flow is affected by storm event

Question 24

anthropogenic CO2

Answer 24

co2 generated by human acitivities

Question 25

carbon sequestration

Answer 25

capture of CO2 from the atmosphere or human CO2 from power plants before its released and put into long term storage

Question 26

carbon sink

Answer 26

store of carbon that absorbs more carbon that it releases

Question 27

greenhouse gases

Answer 27

any gas that is capable of absorbing infrared radiation, trapping and holding eat in the atmosphere

Question 28

weathering

Answer 28

breakdown of rocks by a combination of weatyer, plants and animals

Question 29

enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 29

impact of climate from additional heat retained due to increased amounts of CO2

Question 30

geo - sequestration

Answer 30

technology capturing greenhouse gas emissions from power stations and pumping into underground reservoirs

Question 31

radiative forcing

Answer 31

difference between incoming solar energy absorbed by earth and energy radiated back to pace

Question 32

soil organic carbon

Answer 32

organic constituents in the soil from dead pants and animals