3.1.14 Both Cycles

Question 1

4 reasons they are essential for life

Answer 1

Carbon is a fundamental holding block - all living things contain carbon

All living things need water for survival

plants are base of most food chains and require H20 and CO2 for photosynthesis

Both natural greenhouse gas, reenhouse rfwct need to keep Earth warm or would be uninhabitable

Question 2

Postive feedbaxk water

Answer 2

Temp increase 
Evaporation increase 
Amount of water vapur in air increase
Greenhouse  effect
Temp increase

Question 3

Water negative feedback

Answer 3

Temp increase
Increase evaporation
Increased cloud formation
Increased cloud cover - reflect more energy back to space

Decreases temp

Question 4

Carbon positive

Answer 4

Temp increase

Plant respiration increase

Increase CO2

Greenhouse effect

Temp increase

Question 5

Carbon negative

Answer 5

CO2 in air increase

Increased plant growth

More CO2 remixes

Decrease CO2 in air

Question 6

3 links between cycles

Answer 6

C+H20 = chemical weathering = removes C

H2O needed for photosynthesis - removes

CO2 affects tempt - affects evaporation and precipitation

Increased CO2 - increased temp - thermal expansion of oceans and melting ice caps change in water stores

Question 7

How much increase of CO2 is there in atmosphere

Answer 7

40% more than in 1750

Question 8

Individual mitigation

Answer 8

Use cars less and buy more fuel efficient cars

Make homes more energy efficient - double glazing and insulation

Question 9

Regional and national mitigation

6

Answer 9

Governments reduce reliance on fossil fuels - increase Availability of renewable energy and decrease costs

Afforestation

Planners can increase sustainabilit

CCS by government

Changing rural land use

Improved aviation

Question 10

How can planners Mitigate

Answer 10

Increase sustainability by improving public transport and increasing greens space

Question 11

How does CCS work

Answer 11

Governments can invest in carbon capture and storage which can capture up to 90% from fossil fuel production

e.g. Boundry dam in Saskatchewan a coal-fired power station that captures 90% of its emissions which is 1 million tons a year

this is expensive 800,000,000 to build

Question 12

How can changing rural land use mitigate

3

Answer 12

Reforestation

grasslands

avoid overstocking and grazing

Question 13

How can improved aviation practices mitigate

Answer 13

Avoid circulating and queueing

adapt fuel-efficient routes

100% occupancy

Lower speed

Increased engine efficiency

CC in engines

Question 14

2 global way of mitigating

Answer 14

Countries working together such as Kyoto protocol 1997 and the Paris agreement 2015 which were international treaties

international carbon trading schemes buying and selling credits to achieve goals