Water

Question 1

What percentage of the worlds water is fresh

Answer 1

3%

Question 2

What does Water Shortage mean

Answer 2

Low level of water supply relative to basic needs

Question 3

Definition of Water Stress

Answer 3

Declining reliability and service.

Often taken as less than 1700m x 3, per person per year

Question 4

Definition of Water Scarcity

Answer 4

Imbalance of supply and demand

When the supply of water falls bellow 1000m x3 per year

Question 5

Definition of physical Water Scarcity

Answer 5

When there is not enough surface or ground water to meet the demand.
Semi and arid areas are at risk

Question 6

Definition of Economic Scarcity

Answer 6

When water exists but can not be full utilised for reasons such as; extracting and piping are to expensive. Or the treatment of polluted water is too expensive/ does not exist.
Often due to political reasons and conflict.

Question 7

How can Economic Water Scarcity be solved

Answer 7

Just low technology such as water dams, harvesting

Question 8

How much of the worlds water is used for agriculture

Answer 8

70%

Question 9

Give 4 methods of water supply and if they are MEDC or not

Answer 9

Dams and reservoirs- MEDC
Bore holes- LEDC
Wells- LEDC
Desalination- MEDC

Question 10

Give the pro’s of Dams and reservoirs

Answer 10

Creates popular areas behind dams, (fishing)
Generates hydroelectric power
Stores water behind
Emits no emissions

Question 11

Give the con’s of dams and reservoirs

Answer 11

Very expensive to make and maintain
Very destructive to marine ecosystems, fish get stuck behind dams
Huge consequences if it fails
Displacement of animals and people, flooding

Question 12

Give the pro’s of Boreholes

Answer 12

Very cheap and easy to make
Good for poorer parts where there are limited options
Low levels of technology needed
No impact on the environment

Question 13

Give the con’s of Boreholes

Answer 13

Not a lot of water produced per capita
Location is dependent on underground water supplies
Easily contaminated
Hard to repair

Question 14

Give the pro’s of Desalination

Answer 14

Can be done on a mass scale
Gives us a new supply of water
Never runs out
Safe supply to drink
The economy benefits

Question 15

Give the con’s of Desalination

Answer 15

Very location dependent, not for land locked countries
High technology needed
Not possible for poorer countries
Polluting to marine ecosystems

Question 16

Give 4 examples of using water domestically

Answer 16

Shower
Washing
Drinking
CookingWatering
Flushing
Washing machine
Pets

Question 17

Give 4 examples of industrial water use

Answer 17

Paper
Beef
Irrigation
Agriculture

Question 18

What percentage of water use is industrial

Answer 18

20%

Question 19

Give some social Impacts of water shortage

Answer 19

People will be searching for water instead of work
Cause 80% of diseases
Affects amount of time children can be at school, LEDC’s
Huge numbers of deaths
Global warming could result as there will be an increase in high pressure

Question 20

Give some economic impacts of a water shortage

Answer 20

As less people are at school, this will impact the economic growth of the country

Businesses can not grow where water sources are unreliable as they cannot hire a workforce.

Energy would start to decline because of dams and tidal power would start to deplete

Less jobs will impact the country infrastructure

Question 21

How many people do not have access to clean water

Answer 21

800 million