Population Pyramids Flashcards
What does a population pyramid show
Shows the distributions of various age groups in a population. Normally that of a country or region in the world.
What doe the sides of a population pyramid show
The death rate:
Steep = low death rate
Gentle = high death rate
What does the base of a population pyramid show
the base shows the birth rate.
High base = high birth rate.
Also, nit the base suddenly narrows a level up, shows high infant mortality rate.
What does the hight of the population pyramid show
Shows the life expectancy of the population. Typically wider for females as they tend to live longer.
How old is a young dependent
Under 15
How old is a elderly dependent
Above 65
What happens if people had more than one child in child policy.
Punished with fine, no money = house is pulled down.
Where in china is the policy relaxed
Rural areas, if 1st child is not a boy, second child is allowed
When was the one child policy introduced
1979
Had the one child policy not occurred, when would china reach 1.6 billion
2001, not 2015
Why did they introduce the policy
Has the biggest population
1949 - 500 million. 1979 - almost doubled
How successful has the policy been
Enforce policy by abortions questions how successful it is.
People in cities can easily afford the fine
Country full of only children - spoilt, lack confidence
Women aborting females to have males
116 boys : 100 girls
Which country in Africa has the slowest population growth rates
South Africa
How many people in Botswana died of Aids in 2010
5,800
Why does the economy go down if country is infected with HIV/AIDS (2)
People who are ill cannot work, less people contribute towards the economy.
Shortage of skilled labour force
What has been done to help Botswana (5)
An awareness program
Mothers being treated rose until 170,000 had received the drug in 2010.
Routine testing for AIDS
Contraception being distributed across the country
What has happened to Botswana as a result of AIDS (4)
- Slower growth rates
- Lower economy
- Not enough people to care for infected
- Severe reductions in the wealth of families and adults, as too ill to work. But medical and funeral expenses still need to be paid. Higher poverty and lower quality life.
How has AIDS in Botswana not been helped (4)
Only 18% are married, more than one sexual partner
Lack sufficient medical staff
Little was known about HIV/AIDS until the awareness program.
Poverty doesn’t help.
Does the birth rate increase or decrease because of AIDS/HIV
Increase - insurance babies
Does the death rate increase or decrease because of AIDS/HIV
Increases - lethal disease, immune system destroyed, leave s you venerable to any illness.
Does the infant mortality rate increase or decrease because of AIDS/HIV
Increase - Virus is passed onto babies from mothers, in the womb
Does the life expectancy increase or decrease because of AIDS/HIV
Decrease - people with AIDS are unlikely to reach an old age
What does the hight of the pyramid show
Good medical care
What do bulges in the side of a population pyramid show
High birth rates, baby booms, migration
What does it show if population pyramid narrows after the first year
High infant mortality rate
How do you find the depends ratio
Young dependents + elderly dependents
————————————————————— (x100)
Economically active
Which country has greatest percentage of old people and why
Japan - decreasing population
Population of Tokyo could…..in the next 90 years
Half
How has the Japanese government responded to increase of elderly dependents
Increasing the retirement age
Raising taxes
What percentage are elderly in Japan
23% 2010
38% 2050
What is the average life expectancy in Japan
83
How many people are over 100 years old in `Japan
50,000
What problems do the elderly cause in Japan
More elderly clients
Medical centres are full, can’t cope
How has the government responded to increase of elderly in Japan (5)
Raising VAT by 5%
25% of budget on pensions and social security
40% aid goes to elderly
Robots could be solution- expensive, not very effective yet
Boost migration
