Rivers

Question 1

What is precipitation

Answer 1

Occurs as water droplets get bigger and heavier they begin to fall as rain, sleet and snow

Question 2

What is percolation

Answer 2

The movement of water from the soil into the rocks beneath

Question 3

What is the water cycle

Answer 3

The process by which water travels from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and then back to the ground again

Question 4

What is the drainage basin

Answer 4

The area of land drained by the river and it’s tributaries

Question 5

What is the watershed

Answer 5

The edge of highland surrounding a drainage basin. It marks the boundary between two drainage basins

Question 6

What is a confluence

Answer 6

The point at which two tiers or streams join

Question 7

What is a tributary

Answer 7

A stream or a smaller river which joins a larger stream and river

Question 8

Define Hydraulic Action

Answer 8

The force of the river against the banks can cause air to be trapped in cracks and crevices. The pressure weakens the banks and gradually wears it away.

Question 9

Define Abrasion

Answer 9

Rocks carried along by the river were down the river beds as they scare along

Question 10

Define Attrition

Answer 10

Rocks being carried by the river smash together and break into smaller, smoother and rounder particles

Question 11

Give the 4 transportation processes

Answer 11

Traction
Suspension
Solution
Saltation

Question 12

What is Traction

Answer 12

Large boulders/rocks are rolled along the the river bed

Question 13

What is Suspension

Answer 13

Fine, light materials are carried along in the water

Question 14

What is Solution

Answer 14

Minerals are dissolved in the water and are carried along in solution

Question 15

What is saltation

Answer 15

Small pebbles and stones bouncing along the river bed

Question 16

When a river loses……, it will………….some of the material it’s carrying
This may take place in an area of…………water or when the volume of water…………

Answer 16

Energy
Deposit
Shallow
Decreases

Question 17

What is a delta

Answer 17

Found at the mouth of large rivers, is formed when when the river deposits it’s load faster than the sea can remove it

Question 18

Give the 3 main eyes of deltas

Answer 18

Arcuate
Cuspate
Bird’s Foot

Question 19

Give some economical hazards of flooding

Answer 19

Collapsing bridges

Business won’t be able to operate without electricity loosing money

Loss of crops, means farmers loose money

Dams may burst

Question 20

Give 6 benefits of a river

Answer 20

Leisure 
Energy
Fishing
Transport
Drinking water 
Agriculture

Question 21

Give two river management strategies

Answer 21

Hard Engineering - Using man-made structures to prevent or control natural processes taking place. Often very expensive.

Soft Engineering - Working with the river processes to stop flood risks. It aims to reduce and slow the movement of water into a river channel to help prevent flooding