Water ✅ Flashcards
What are water molecules made out of
3 atoms - 1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen bound together by polar covalent bonds
Cohesion meaning
The ability for water molecules to stick to other molecules
What causes surface tension
Cohesive forces between molecules
How do hydrogen bonds help water molecules move
hydrogen bonds hold the water molecules together making them “cohesive” and able to help pull each other up to fight the pull of gravity
How can the water strider move across parts of water
cohesion and surface tension
Adhesion meaning
How water molecules can stick to other surfaces / molecules
Define capillary action
the movement of water within the spaces of a porous material due to the forces of adhesion , cohesion and surface tension
What bonds does water create
hydrogen
Hydrophilic meaning
substances that are attracted to water molecules
Definition of metabolism
the sum of the chemical reactions in the body that changes food into energy
Define Specific Heat
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degrees
higher capacity =
easier for heat to move
Explain buoyancy
The ability for a material or a substance to float on water
Define the viscosity (gloopy) of a substance
The ability to flow based on internal friction between molecules
What feature makes water essential to living things
Water is the medium for metabolic reactions
In water what causes the formation of hydrogen bonds
Attraction between the partially negative oxygen of one water molecule and the partially positive hydrogen of a different water molecule
The type of bond found between atoms within a water molecule is
polar covalent
At the molecular level what gives water its high surface tension ?
At the surface , water is only surrounded on some sides by other water molecules, so more bonding occurs between molecules along and just below the surface, creating a “skin” of water that resists rupture
What is most likely true of a hydrophobic molecule
It will have no charge
Example of capillary action
The move of water through pores in the soil
Properties of hydrophilic molecules
Polar and can dissolve in water
4 Physical properties of water
Buoyancy
Viscosity
Thermal Conductivity
Specific Heat Capacity
Is base pairing between two strands of DNA hydrogen bonding ?
Yes
What bonding is the forces the hold water molecules together ?
Hydrogen
What is the bond that joins
nucleotide to its neighbour in a strand of DNA ?
Covalent Bonding
What bonding is the Interactions between water and the polar R groups of certain amino acids
Hydrogen
Which property of water are a result of intermolecular forces ?
High surface tension
Good solvent
Cohesiveness
High Specific heat capacity
To work out nucleotides from base pairs you …
multiply base pairs by 2
