War

Question 1

Four Asian Tigers

Answer 1

The Four Asian Tigers or Asian Dragons are the highly developed economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. These regions were the first newly industrialized countries.

Question 2

tiananmen square massacre

Answer 2

The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, commonly known in China as the June Fourth Incident (六四事件), were student-led demonstrations in Beijing in 1989. More broadly, it refers to the popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests during that period, sometimes referred to as the ‘89 Democracy Movement (八九民运).

Question 3

devolution

Answer 3

the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.

Question 4

Ronald Reagan

Answer 4

Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.

Question 5

Gorbachev

Answer 5

Mikhail S(ergeyevich) [mi-kahyl sur-gey-uh-vich,, mi-keyl;; Russian myi-khuh-yeel syir-gye-yi-vyich] (Show IPA), born 1931, Soviet political leader: general secretary of the Communist Party 1985–91; president of the Soviet Union 1988–91; Nobel Peace Prize 1990.

Question 6

parestroika

Answer 6

(in the former Soviet Union) the policy or practice of restructuring or reforming the economic and political system. First proposed by Leonid Brezhnev in 1979 and actively promoted by Mikhail Gorbachev, perestroika originally referred to increased automation and labor efficiency, but came to entail greater awareness of economic markets and the ending of central planning.

Question 7

glasnost

Answer 7

(in the former Soviet Union) the policy or practice of more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information, initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985.

Question 8

thatcherism

Answer 8

the political and economic policies advocated by the former British Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher, particularly those involving the privatization of nationalized industries and trade union legislation.

Question 9

tony blair

Answer 9

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)

Question 10

yugoslavia

Answer 10

a republic in S Europe on the Adriatic: formed 1918 from the kingdoms of Serbia and Montenegro and part of Austria-Hungary; a federal republic 1945-91 comprised of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Yugoslavian, adjective, noun.

Question 11

bosnia

Answer 11

a historic region in SE Europe: a former Turkish province; a part of Austria-Hungary (1879–1918) now part of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Question 12

rwanda

Answer 12

a republic in central Africa, E of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: formerly comprising the N part of the Belgian trust territory of Ruanda-Urundi; became independent 1962. 10,169 sq. mi. (26,338 sq. km).

Question 13

cambodia

Answer 13

a republic in SE Asia: formerly part of French Indochina. 69,866 sq. mi. (180,953 sq. km).

Question 14

kosovo

Answer 14

an autonomous province of Serbia, in the SW: chiefly Albanian in population since the 13th century; Serb suppression of separatists escalated to a policy of ethnic cleansing in 1998, provoking NATO airstrikes against Serbia in 1999 and takeover by UN administration; unilaterally declared independence in 2008. Mainly a plateau. Capital: Priština. Pop: 1 847 708 (2013 est). Area: 10 887 sq km (4203 sq miles) Full Serbian name Kosovo-Metohija (Serbian) (ˈkɔsɔvɔmɛˌtɔhija)

Question 15

weapons of mass destruction

Answer 15

a chemical, biological or radioactive weapon capable of causing widespread death and destruction.

Question 16

george w. bush

Answer 16

The son of former president George H. W. Bush, he was elected governor of Texas in 1994. In 2000, he secured the Republican nomination for the presidency and narrowly defeated Al Gore, the Democratic party nominee, in an election marred by charges of irregularities in the counting of votes, especially in Florida. Although Gore won more popular votes, Bush prevailed in the Electoral College after a Supreme Court decision resolved the Florida controversy in his favor.

Question 17

bill clinton

Answer 17

William Jefferson Clinton is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

Question 18

nafta

Answer 18

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.

Question 19

welfare state

Answer 19

a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits. The foundations for the modern welfare state in the US were laid by the New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Question 20

apartheid

Answer 20

(in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

Question 21

nelson mandela

Answer 21

Nelson (Rolihlahla) [raw-lee-lah-luh] (Show IPA), 1918–2013, South African black antiapartheid activist: president of South Africa 1994–99.

Question 22

congolese conflict

Answer 22

The First Congo War (1996–1997) was a foreign invasion of Zaire led by Rwanda that replaced President Mobutu Sésé Seko with the rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila.

Question 23

hutu

Answer 23

a member of a Bantu-speaking people forming the majority population in Rwanda and Burundi. They are traditionally a farming people and were historically dominated by the Tutsi people; the antagonism between the peoples led in 1994 to large-scale ethnic violence, especially in Rwanda.

Question 24

tutsi

Answer 24

a member of a people forming a minority of the population of Rwanda and Burundi, who formerly dominated the Hutu majority. Historical antagonism between the peoples led in 1994 to large-scale ethnic violence, especially in Rwanda.

Question 25

kleptocracy

Answer 25

noun, plural kleptocracies. 1. a government or state in which those in power exploit national resources and steal; rule by a thief or thieves. Origin of kleptocracy. Greek.

Question 26

new world order

Answer 26

the post-Cold War organization of power in which nations tend to cooperate rather than foster conflict.

Question 27

internet

Answer 27

a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

Question 28

soweto uprising

Answer 28

The Soweto uprising was a series of protests led by black school children in South Africa that began on the morning of 16 June 1976. … It is estimated that 20,000 students took part in the protests.

Question 29

bantustans

Answer 29

A Bantustan (also known as Bantu homeland, black homeland, black state or simply homeland) was a territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia), as part of the policy of apartheid.

Question 30

persian gulf war

Answer 30

A war between the forces of the United Nations, led by the United States, and those of Iraq that followed Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990. The United Nations forces, called the Coalition, expelled Iraqi troops from Kuwait in March 1991.

Question 31

helsinki accords

Answer 31

The Helsinki Final Act was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, held in Helsinki, Finland. The multifaceted Act addressed a range of prominent global issues and in so doing had a far-reaching effect on the Cold War and U.S.-Soviet relations.

Question 32

eec

Answer 32

EEC definition. The abbreviation for the European Economic Community. An organization of nations established in 1957 to promote free trade and economic cooperation among the nations of western Europe. Its original members were Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, and West Germany.

Question 33

eeu

Answer 33

DEFINITION of ‘Eurasian Economic Union (EEU)’ An economic union created in 2014 by a treaty signed by Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. The union is set to go into effect in 2015.

Question 34

chaebols

Answer 34

(in South Korea) a large business conglomerate, typically a family-owned one.

Question 35

corporation

Answer 35

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.