Walters- Tetracyclines Flashcards
what type of drugs are tetracyclines? and what is their mechanism?
Static drug agains G+/G-.
They inhibit binding of aminoacyl tRNA to acceptor site of ribosome
are tetracyclines lipid soluble and able to undergo enterohepatic recycling?
yes
what is a short acting (6-8 hrs) tetracycline?
tetracycline (for acne)
what drug is used for chronic dilutional hyponatermia in the syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)? and how fast does it act?
demeclocycline. intermediate acting (12 hrs)
what are examples of long acting tetracyclines, that also happen to be highly lipophilic?
doxycycline, minocycline
what drug is generally used for acne but is also associated with pulmonary complications (pulmonary lupus, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pleural effusions)?
minocycline
what type of activity does minocycline have?
immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. also blocks synthesis of nitric oxide, activation of microglia (leading to decrease of neuronal damage)
if minocycline is used chronically, what kind of pigmentation may it cause?
blue-black pigmentation of gums from bone pigmentation and brown discoloration of teeth
what are the common side effects to all tetracyclines?
GI upset (take with food), slowed growth, brown discoloration of teeth (permanent), photosensitivity
what compound will tetracylines chelate with?
calcium phosphate
what happens if tetracyclines are taken with dairy products and antacids?
absorption will be decreased
what is tigecycline?
a parenteral, long acting derivative of minocycline with similar side effects
when would tigecycline be used?
complicated skin and intraabdominal infections; community acquired pneumonia
What is Tigecycline greater against due to its steric hinderance?
tetracycline-sensitive G+/G- and MRSA
if a patient has severe hepatic impairment, how would a tigecycline dose have to be altered?
decrease dose, because the patient would experience a decrease in clearance and an increase risk of toxicity
