Wallace_Aorist

Question 1

What does the aorist represent?

Answer 1

an occurrence in summary, viewed as a whole from the outside, without regard for the internal make-up of the occurrence (aorist takes a snapshot; imperfect/present takes motion picture)

Question 2

How does the aorist participle relate to time?

Answer 2

antecedent time to that of main verb (there are of course exceptions due to other linguistic features)

Question 3

What is the constative aorist? (aka complexive, punctillar, comphrehensive, global)

Answer 3

1. describes the action in summary fashion
2. does not focus on the beginning or end of the action (by far most common aorist, esp ind.; “he stretched out his hand”)

Question 4

What is the ingressive aorist? (aka inceptive, inchoative)

Answer 4

1. stresses the beginning of an action or the entrance into a state (unlike the ingressive imperfect, no implication that the action continues; “he became angry”)

Question 5

What are the translational glosses for the ingressive aorist?

Answer 5

began to do, became

Question 6

What is the consummative aorist? (aka culminative, ecbatic, effective)

Answer 6

used to stress the cessation of an act or state (“he died”)

Question 7

What is the epistolary aorist?

Answer 7

use of the aorist indicative in NT letters where author writes from the time frame of audience (instead of “I write to you,” it is “I wrote to you”)

Question 8

What is the proleptic (futuristic) aorist?

Answer 8

aorist indicative that can be used to describe an event that is not yet past as though it were already completed (not common, but can be important; “those whom he justified, these he also glorified”)

Question 9

What is the immediate past aorist/dramatic aorist?

Answer 9

1. aorist indicative can be used of an event that happened rather recently
2. its force can usually be brought out with something like “just now” as in “just now I told you”