Wall Flashcards
1
Q
Any of various upright constructions presenting a continuous surface and serving to enclose, divide, or protect an area.
A
Wall
2
Q
A wall forming part of the envelope of a building, having one face exposed to the weather or to earth.
A
Exterior wall, External wall
3
Q
Any wall within a building, entirely surrounded by exterior walls.
A
Interior wall
4
Q
An interior wall dividing a room or part of a building into separate areas.
A
Partition
5
Q
An interior wall carrying a structural load.
A
Bearing partition, Load-bearing partition
6
Q
An interior wall supporting no load other than its own weight,
A
Nonbearing Partition, non-load bearing partition
7
Q
A movable or fixed device, esp. a framed construction, deisgned to divide, conceal or protect.
A
Screen
8
Q
A partition capable of being moved to different locations.
A
movable partition, demountable partition
9
Q
A wall capable of supporting an imposed load, as from a floor or roof of a building.
A
Bearing wall, load-bearing wall.
10
Q
A wall supporting no load other than its own weight.
A
nonbearing wall, non-load-bearing wall
11
Q
A pilaster or similar feature projecting from a corner of a building
A
Canton
12
Q
A shallow rectangular feature projecting from a wall, having a capital and a base and architecturally treated as a column.
A
Pilaster
13
Q
A column built so as to be truly or seemingly bonded to the wall before which it stands.
A
Engaged column
14
Q
A short wall perpendicular to the end of a longer wall.
A
Return wall
15
Q
A finishing or protective cap or course to an exterior wall, usually sloped or curved to shed water.
A
Coping
16
Q
A coping that slopes only in one diretion.
A
Splayed coping
17
Q
A coping that slopes to either side of a center ridge.
A
Saddle coping, saddlebacked coping
18
Q
A low, protective wall at the edge of a terrace, balcony, or roof, esp that part of an exterior wall, fire wall, or party wall that rises above the roof.
A
Parapet
19
Q
A wall bearing or crowned by a gable.
A
Gable wall
20
Q
A foundation wall that encloses a usable area under a building.
A
Basement wall
21
Q
A wall used jointly by contiguous structures, erected upon a line dividing two parcels of land, each of which is a separate real-estate entity.
A
Party wall
22
Q
A wall having no windows, doorways or other openings.
A
Blind wall
23
Q
A vertical supporting structure, such as a section of wall between two openings or one supporting the end of an arch or lintel.
A
Pier
24
Q
An arch built above another structural member to relieve its load.
A
Discharging arch
25
A beam supporting the weight above a door or window opening.
Lintel
26
A horizontal timber or stone set in a wall to receive and distribute the pressure of a girder or beam.
Template, Templet
27
A house constructed with a skeletal framework of timber, usually sheathed with siding or shingles.
Frame house
28
A diagonal brace let int o studding to reinforce the corner of a frame structure.
Corner brace
29
To insert into the surface of a stud, wall, or the like as a permanent addition.
Let in
30
An assembly of two or three studs spiked together at the intersection of two framed walls to provide a nailing surface for finish materials.
Corner Post
31
A narrow wood strip fixed to the corner of a framed partition to provide a nailing surface for finish materials.
Backing
32
Any of various horizontal timbers laid flat across the heads of studding or upon floors to support joists, rafters, or studs at or near their ends.
Plate
33
A horizontal member built into or laid along the top of a wall to support and distribute the load from joists or rafters.
Wall plate, raising plate
34
The uppermost horizontal member of a framed wall on which joists or rafters rest.
Top plate
35
A number of small wood pieces inserted to space, join, or reinforce members of a building frame, fill the spaces between them, or provide a nailing surface for finish materials.
Blocking
36
A wall or partition framed with studs and faced with sheathing, siding, wall board, or plasterwork.
Stud wall, stud partition
37
Any of repetitive series of slender, upright members of wood or light-gauge metal forming the structural frame of a wall or partition.
Stud
38
Any framing member that is shorter that usual, such as a stud above a door opening or below a window sill.
Cripple
39
Any framing member that is shorter than usual, such as a stud above a door opening or below a window sill.
Cripple
40
From the centerline of one element, member, or part to the centerline of the next.
Center-to-center, on center
41
The bottom horizontal member of a framed wall upon which a row of studs is erected.
Soleplate, shoe, sole. solepiece
42
A wooden building frame having studs only one story high, regardless of the stories built, each story resting on the top plates of the story below or on the sill plates of the foundation wall.
Platform frame, western frame
43
A dwarf wall for supporting floor joists.
Pony wall
44
A wall less than a full story in height.
Dwarf wall
45
Any of various rods or bolts embedded in masonry or concrete to hold, secure, or support a structural member.
Anchor bolt
46
A resilient, fibrous material palced between a sill and a foundation wall to reduce air infiltration.
Sill sealer
47
Sheet metal installed atop a foundation wall or around pipes to prevent the passage of termites.
Termite Shield
48
The lowest horizontal member of a frame structure, resting on and anchored to a foundation wall.
Sill, mudsill, sill plate
49
A sill for a building frame, composed of a plate resting on a foundation wall and a joist or header at the outer edge of the plate, as well as a soleplate for studs resting either directly on the joists or on the rought flooring.
Box sill
50
A sill for a building frame, composed of a plate resting on a foundation wall and a joist or header at the outer edge of the plate.
L sill
51
A material or member built into a building frame to block a concealed hollow space through which a fire might spread from one part of the building to another.
Firestop
52
A piece attached to the face of a beam at the bottom as a support for the ends of joists.
Ledger strip
53
A thin, horizontal board let into studding to carry the ends of joists.
Ribbon, ledger, ribband, ribbon strip
54
A wooden building frame having studs that rise the full height of the frame from the sill palte to the roof plate, with joists nailed to the studs and supported by sills or by ribbons let into the studs.
Balloon Frame
55
A weatherproof material, such as shingles, boards, or units of sheet metal, used for surfacing the exterior walls of a frame building.
Siding
56
A board or molding placed along the sloping sides of a gable to cover the ends of the siding.
Rake
57
A board against which siding is fitted at the corner of a frame structure.
Corner board
58
A small board or strip of wood used for various building purposes, such as covering joints between boards, supporting shingles or roofing tiles, or provding a base for lathing.
Batten
59
Siding consisting of wide boards or plywood sheets set vertically with butt joints covered by battens.
Board and batten
60
Siding consisting of matched boards applied vertically.
Vertical siding
61
A rough covering of boards, plywood, or other panel materials applied to a frame structure to serve as a base for siding, flooring or roofing.
Sheathing
62
Sheathing capable of bracing the plane of a framed wall or roof.
Structural sheathing
63
A sheathing of boards applied diagonally for lateral strength.
Diagonal Sheathing
64
A structure of boards used for sheathing or subflooring.
Boarding
65
Any of various papers, felts, or similar sheet material used in construction to prevent the passage of air or moisture.
Building paper.
66
A flush, overlapping joint, such as a rabbet, between two boards joined edge to edge, Also, the boarding joined with such overlapping joints.
Shiplap
67
Siding composed of boards narrowed along the upper edges to fit into rabbets or grooves in the lower edges, laid horizontally with their backs flat against the sheathing or studs of the wall.
Drop siding, novelty siding, rustic siding.
68
Bevel siding rabbeted along the lower edge to receive the upper edge of the board below it.
Dolly Varden siding
69
A long, thin board with one edge thicker than the other, laid horizontall as bevel siding.
Clapboard.
70
Siding composed of tapered boards, such as clapboards, laid horizontally with the thicker lower edge of each board overlapping the thinner upper edge of the board below it.
Bevel siding, lap siding
71
Siding composed of plain, square-edged boards laid horizontally so that the upper overlaps the one below.
Colonial siding
72
A series of panels, esp decorative wood panels, joined in a continuous surface..
Paneling
73
An encircling area or border.
Surround
74
A distinct portion, section or division of a wall, wainscot, ceiling or door, esp of any surface snk below or raised above the surrounding area, or enclosed by a frame or border.
Panel
75
A facing of wood paneling, esp when covering the lower portion of an interior wall.
Wainscot
76
A vertical member dividing the panels in wainscoting.
Mullion
77
The lower portion of an interior wall when faced or treated differently from the upper section, as with paneling or wallpaper.
Dado
78
A panel having a surface in the same plane as the surrounding frame.
Flush panel
79
A panel having a center portion thicker than the edges or projecting above the surrounding frame.
Raised panel, fielded panel
80
A panel having a surface recessed below the surrounding frame or surface.
Sunk panel
81
A bead having its outer surface at the same level as the adjoining surfaces.
Flush bead
82
A bead that projects above or beyond the adjoining surfaces.
Cock bead
83
A groove or acute angle dividing a bead or other molding from adjoining members or surfaces.
Quirk
84
A raised molding for framing a panel, doorway, or fireplace, esp when the meeting surfaces are at different levels.
Bolection, bilection
85
An exterior wall supported wholly by the structural frame of a building and carrying no loads other than its own weight and wind loads.
Curtain wall
86
A horizontal member spanning between exterior columns to support wall sheathing or cladding.
Girt
87
A noncombustible material placed in an opening to prevent the passage of fire, as between a curtain wall and a spandrel beam.
Safing
88
A beam spanning between columns and supporting the outer edge of a floor or roof.
Spandrel beam
89
An assembly of materials used behind a curtain wall to provide the required degree of fire-resistance.
Backup wall
90
A panellike area in a multistory frame building, between the sill of a window on one level and the head of a window immediately below.
Spandrel, spandril
91
Any of various metal devices used in curtain wall construction to secure a frame or panel to the building structure, usually allowing for adjustment in three dimensions.
Anchor
92
A curtain wall system in which tubular metal mullions and rails are assembled piece by piece on-site to frame vision and spandrel units.
Stick system.
93
An opaque glass for concealing the structural elements in curtain wall construction, produced by fusing a ceramic frit to the interior surface of tempered or heat-strengthened glass.
Spandrel glass
94
A curtain wall system consisting of preassembled, framed wall units that may be preglazed or glazed after installation.
Unit system
95
A curtain wall system consisting of preformed metal, cut stone, precast concrete, or panelized brick wall units, which may be preglazed or glazed after installation.
Panel System
96
A curtain wall system in which vision-glass assemblies and spandrel units are supported by spandrel beams between exterior columns clad with cover sections.
Column-cover-and-spandrel system
97
A curtain wall system in which one- or two-story high mullions are installed before preassembled wall units are lowered into place behind the mullions. The framed wall units may be preglazed or glazed after installation.
Unit-and-mullion system
98
A wall of treated timber, masonry, or concrete for holding in place a mass of earth. A retaining wall can fail by overturning, sliding, or settling.
Retaining wall, breast wall
99
The additional or excessive load or burden, as that of the earth above the level of the top of a retaining wall.
Surcharge
100
The forward, lower tip of the base of a footing or retaining wall, extended to give broader bearing and greater stability.
Toe
101
A retaining wall of reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete masonry, cantilevered from and securely tied to a spread footing that is shaped to resist overturning and sliding.
Cantilever wall
102
A triangular-shaped cross wall tying a concrete retaining wall to its base at regular intervals, built on the side of the material to be retained in order to stiffen the vertical slab and add weight to the base.
Counterfort
103
A backward slope of the face of a wall as it rises.
Batter
104
A masonry or concrete retaining wall that resists overturning and sliding by the sheer weight and volume of its mass.
Gravity wall
105
A type of gravity retaining wall formed by stacking modular, interlocking precast concrete units and filling the voids with crushed stone or gravel.
Bin wall, cellular wall
106
A log, concrete block, or similar mass burried in the ground as an anchor.
Deadman
107
A system of cribs for retaining earth or for a building being moved or having its foundation rebuilt.
Cribbing, Cribwork
108
A cellular framework of squared timbers, or steel or concrete members of similar form, assembled in layers at right angles, often filled with earth or stones and used in the construction of foundations and retaining walls.
Crib
109
A retaining wall consisting of precast concrete panels fastened to long galvanized steel straps extending into a compacted soil backfill.
Earth tieback wall
110
The maximum height at which a vertical cut in a cohesive soil will stand without shoring.
Critical height
111
The maximum slope, measured in degrees from the horizontal, at which loose solid material will remain in place without sliding.
Angle of repose
112
The minimum slope, measured in degrees from the horizontal, at which loose solid material will begin to slide or flow.
Angle of slide
113
A galvanized wire basket filled with stones, and used in constructing an abutment or retaining structure.
Gabion
114
A layer of broken stones thrown together irregularly on an embankment slope to prevent erosion.
Riprap
115
To face a sloping surface or embankment with stone or other material.
Revet
116
A facing of masonry or other suitable material for protecting an embankment against erosion.
Revetment
117
A plant that prevents or inhibits erosion by providing a ground cover and forming a dense network of roots that hold the soil.
Soil binder
118
A chemical admixture for maintaining or increasing the stability of a soil mass.
Soil stabilizer
119
