PD 1096 Flashcards
PURPOSE OF THE CODE
▪ To provide a framework of ______
and requirements for all buildings in order to
regulate their location, design, quality of materials,
construction, and use.
Minimum standards
SCOPE OF APPLICATION
▪ The National Building Code (NBC) applies to the
design, location, siting, construction, alteration,
repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance,
moving, demolition of and addition to public and
private buildings, except ______ and
_____ projects.
traditional dwellings
BP 220
All on-site work done from site preparation, excavation,
foundation, assembly of all the components and
installation of utilities and equipment of
buildings/structure
Construction
Any new construction which increases the height or area
of an existing building/structure
Addition
Construction in a building/ structure involving changes in
the materials used, partitioning, location/ size of openings,
structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does
not increase the overall area thereof.
Alteration
Any physical change made on a building/ structure to
increase its value, utility and/ or to improve its aesthetic
quality
Renovation
A change in the use or occupancy of a building/ structure
or any portion/s thereof which has different requirements
Conversion
Remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated
portion/s of a building/structure to restore its original
condition
Repair
The systematic dismantling or destruction of a building/
structure, in whole or in part
Demolition
A secondary building/ structure located within the same
premises, the use of which is incidental to that of the main
building/structure
Ancillary building/structure
RULE 2
Administration + Enforcement
RULE 1
General Provisions
▪ From the DPWH
▪ Duties include:
▪ Policy making
▪ Memorandum circulars
▪ Prescription of fees
▪ Appointment of building officials in all municipalities
THE SECRETARY
▪ Tasked with the enforcement of the Code in his
jurisdiction
▪ Issues, denies, suspends and revokes permits
▪ Undertakes inspection of buildings
▪ Acts on claims
THE BUILDING OFFICIAL
▪ The DPWH Secretary prescribes the fees
▪ The Building Official collects the fees
FEES
FEE EXEMPTIONS
▪ _______
▪ Traditional family dwellings
▪ A dwelling intended for the use by one family and
constructed of ______ (bamboo, nipa, logs,
lumber), the total cost of which does not exceed
________
Public buildings
native materials
PHP15,000.
PROHIBITED ACTS
▪ Proceeding with work without a permit
▪ Unauthorized deviations from the drawings during
construction
▪ Non-compliance with work stoppage order
▪ Non-compliance with order to demolish
PROHIBITED ACTS 2
▪ Use of a building without securing a Certificate of
Occupancy
▪ Change in use without the corresponding
Certification of Change of Use
▪ Failure to post Cert. of Occupancy
▪ Change in type of construction without permit
▪ Structural hazard
▪ Fire hazard
▪ Unsafe electrical wiring
▪ Unsafe mechanical installation
▪ Inadequate sanitation and health facilities
▪ Architectural deficiency
DANGEROUS BUILDINGS
OPTIONS FOR DANGEROUS BLDGS
▪ Repair
▪ Vacation
▪ Demolition
RULE 3
Permits
▪ A written authorization granted by the Building
Official to an applicant allowing him to proceed
with construction after plans, specifications and
other pertinent documents have been found to be
in conformity with the Code
BUILDING PERMIT
WHEN IS A PERMIT REQUIRED?
▪
Before constructing, altering, repairing, converting,
moving, adding to, demolishing a building.
BUILDING PERMIT EXEMPTIONS
▪ Minor constructions
▪ Repair works
▪ Minor structures _____ or less detached from
other buildings, for private use only. (Example:
sheds, poultry houses, greenhouses)
6sqm.
Minor Construction
Open terraces or patios not exceeding ____
20sqm.
MINOR CONSTRUCTION
▪ Window grilles
Garden pools _____ deep or shallower
500mm
Minor construction
Garden masonry walls not exceeding ____ in
height
1.20m
▪ Not involving structural members
▪ Of non-load bearing partition walls
▪ Not involving addition or alteration
▪ Of doors, windows, floors, fences and walls
▪ Of plumbing fixtures
REPAIRS
PERMIT REQUIREMENTS
▪ Application forms
▪ If lot is owned,
▪ OCT or TCT
▪ Tax declaration
▪ Current real property tax receipt
If lot is NOT owned,
▪ Contract of Lease or Deed of Absolute Sale in place of
TCT
▪ Five sets of plans and specs, signed and sealed
by various professionals
15 days from payment of fees
LIABILITY CLAUSE
▪ Article ____ of the Civil Code states that the
_______ who drew up the plans and
specifications is liable for _____ from
completion of the building should it collapse due
to defects in the plans or the ground.
1723
engineer or architect
15 years
LIABILITY CLAUSE
▪ In case the building collapses due to defects in
construction or the use of inferior materials, the
_____ , along with the _________ ,
shall be liable.
contractor
construction supervisor
EXPIRATION OF PERMITS
▪ Construction does not commence within _____
from date of issue
▪ Construction does not resume _____ after
suspension or abandonment of work
1 year
120 days
NON-ISSUANCE, SUSPENSION,
REVOCATION
▪ Errors in plans and specs
▪ Incorrect or inaccurate data declared
▪ Non-compliance with the Code
INSPECTION + SUPERVISION
▪ The owner of the building must engage the
services of a licensed ________ or ______to
undertake the full-time inspection and
supervision of the construction.
architect or civil engineer
RULE 4
Types of Construction
TYPE I
▪ Wood construction
TYPE II
▪ Wood construction with fire-resistant materials
▪ One-hour fire-resistive throughout
TYPE III
▪ Masonry and wood construction
▪ One hour fire resistive throughout
▪ Incombustible exterior walls
TYPE IV
▪ Steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction
▪ Incombustible interiors (ceilings, walls)
TYPE V
▪ Four-hour fire resistive throughout
▪ Structural elements of steel, iron, concrete or
masonry
RULE 5
Fire Zones
▪ An area within which only certain types of
construction are allowed, based on their
occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to
fire
FIRE ZONE
FIRE ZONE DESIGNATIONS
▪ All types of construction allowed
- Non-fire restricted zones
FIRE ZONE DESIGNATIONS
▪ Type I construction NOT allowed
- Fire restrictive zones
FIRE ZONE DESIGNATIONS
▪ Types I, II, and III NOT allowed
- Highly fire restrictive zones
BUILDINGS IN MULTIPLE FIRE ZONES
▪ Shall be considered as part of the more restrictive
zone if more than ___ of its total floor area is in
that zone
1/3
RULE 6
Fire Resistive Requirements
▪ The degree to which a material can withstand fire
▪ Usually expressed in the form of a time period
rating (how long a material can withstand being
burned)
FIRE RESISTIVE RATING
RULE 7
Occupancies + Zones + Requirements
FIRE RESISTIVE STANDARDS
FIRE RESISTIVE STANDARDS
OCCUPANCY VERSUS ZONING
▪ Occupancies are assigned to buildings, while
zones are assigned to lands.
OCCUPANCIES
A –
Residential dwellings
Occupancies
B –
Residentials, hotels, apartments
Occupancies
C –
Education and recreation
Occupancies
D –
Institutional
Occupancies
E –
Business and mercantile
Occupancies
F –
Industrial
Occupancies
G –
Storage and hazardous
Occupancies
H –
Assembly other than Group I
Occupancies
I –
Assembly with 1,000 or more occupant load
Occupancies
J -
Accessory
ZONING
R –
Residential
Zoning
C –
Commercial
Zoning
GI –
General institutional
Zoning
I –
Industrial
Zoning
UTS –
Utilities, Transportation, Services
Zoning
SPE
- Special
Zoning
PRE
- Park structures, recreation, entertainment
Zoning
CUL
– Cultural
Zoning
A –
Agricultural
Zoning
AI –
Agroindustrial
Zoning
PUD –
Planned unit development
A: RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS
▪ _____ :Residential building for single family
occupants
A-1:
____: Residential building for non-leasing
occupants not exceeding 10 persons
A-2
▪ Multiple dwelling units including boarding or
lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings,
rowhouses, convents, monasteries and other
similar building each of which accommodates
more than 10 persons.
B: RESIDENTIALS, HOTELS, APARTMENTS
▪ Buildings used for school or day-care purposes
not classified in Group H or I occupancies
C: EDUCATION + RECREATION
____: Institutions where personal liberties are
restrained (mental hospitals, jails)
▪ D-1
____: Institutions for the care of non-ambulatory
patients and children under kindergarten age
D-2
_____: Institutions for ambulatory patients and
homes for children over kindergarten age
D-3:
____: No work is done except exchange of parts,
maintenance without open flame, welding, or
highly flammable liquids (gasoline filling station,
storage garage)
E-1
_____: Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings,
dining establishments
E-2
___: Aircraft hangars and open parking garages
(no repair work)
E-3
▪ Light industrial
▪ Ice plants, power plants, pumping plants, cold
storage, factories and workshops using
incombustible and non-explosive materials
F: LIGHT INDUSTRIAL
▪ ___: Medium industrial, storage of highly
flammable materials
G-1
____: Medium industrial, storage of flammable
materials: dry cleaning plants, paint stores, spraypainting
rooms
G-2
____: Medium industrial structures where loose
combustible fibers are generated: wood working
establishments
G-3
____: Medium industrial for repair garages and
engine manufacturing
G-4
___: Medium industrial for aircraft repair
G-5
__: Assembly buildings with stage for less than
1,000
H1
___: Assembly buildings without stage for 300 or
more
H2
____: Assembly buildings without stage for less
than 300
H3
_____: Recreational/tourism developments not
included in other H classifications (stadiums,
reviewing stands, and amusement parks)
H4
▪ Any assembly building with a stage and an
occupant load of 1,000 or more
I: ASSEMBLY FOR 1,000 OR MORE
____: Agricultural structures
J1
_____: Carports/garages, fences, towers and pools
J2
____: Stages, courts, tombs, mausoleums, zoos, and
banks
J3
Low-density residential zone
▪ Characterized by single-family and singledetached
dwellings
R1
R2
▪ Medium-density residential zone
▪ Characterized by low-rise single-attached, duplex,
or multilevel buildings for use as multiple family
dwellings
▪ Basic R2
▪ Single attached or duplex, 1-3 floors
▪ Maximum R2
▪ Low-rise multi-level building, 3-5 floors
▪ High-density residential zone
▪ Characterized low-rise or medium-rise buildings
for use as multiple family dwellings
▪ Includes low-rise or medium-rise condominium
buildings
R3
Basic R3
▪ Rowhouses 1-3 storeys high
Maximum R3
▪ Medium-rise multilevel structure 6-12 storeys
high
▪ Medium to high-density residential zone
▪ Characterized by low-rise townhouses or buildings
for use as multiple family dwellings
▪ Refers to structures on an individual lot
(“townhouse”)
R4
▪ Very high density residential zone
▪ Characterized by medium-rise to high-rise
condominiums
R5
▪ Light commercial
▪ Neighborhood to community in scale
▪ Low-rise buildings (1-3 storeys)
▪ Low-intensity trade/activity
▪ Example: Small shopping centers
C1
▪ Medium commercial
▪ City or municipal in scale
▪ Medium-rise buildings (3-5 storeys)
▪ Medium to high intensity trade
▪ Example: Shopping centers
C2
▪ Metropolitan commercial
▪ Metropolitan in scale
▪ Medium to high-rise buildings (3-5 storeys)
▪ Very high intensity trade
▪ Example: Large to very large shopping malls
C3
▪ General institutional
▪ Community to national level of institutional use.
Low-rise to high-rise.
▪ Two types:
▪ Education/Recreation
▪ Medical/Government
GI
▪ Light industrial use
▪ Low-rise but sprawling
▪ Low-intensity manufacturing
I-1 (INDUSTRIAL)
▪ Medium industrial use
▪ Low-rise but sprawling
▪ Medium-intensity manufacturing
I-2 (INDUSTRIAL)
▪ Utilitarian, functional uses
▪ Low-rise to medium rise
▪ Low to high-intensity community support
functions
▪ Two clusters:
▪ Transport terminals, intermodals, depots
▪ Power/water generation/distribution, telcos, waste
management facilities
UTS (UTILITIES, TRANSPO, SERVICES)
▪ Other vertical facilities not yet mentioned
▪ Included cemeteries and memorial parks
SPE (SPECIAL)
▪ Low-rise to medium rise
▪ Low to medium intensity recreational functions
related to educational uses (parks on campus,
other recreational/assembly structures on
campus)
PRE (PARKS, RECREATION,
ENTERTAINMENT)
▪ Community to national level of use or occupancy
▪ Low-rise to medium rise
CUL (CULTURAL)
▪ Low to medium rise
▪ Low to high intensity agricultural activity
▪ Includes farms, but also offices and facilities for
agricultural research and training
A (AGRICULTURAL)
▪ Low rise
▪ Low to high intensity agroindustrial activity
▪ Includes offices and facilities for agroindustrial
education and research
AI (AGROINDUSTRIAL)
▪ Land development or redevelopment schemes for
a new project which has a CDMP (Comprehensive
Development Masterplan) or equivalent
▪ Example: Bonifacio Global City
PUD (PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT)
______
▪ Rule of thumb: The building adheres to the stricter
requirements.
▪ Exceptions:
▪ If it’s a one-storey building, in which case each portion
shall conform to applicable rules
▪ If the minor occupancy does not exceed ____ of the
building, in which case it is ignored
MIXED OCCUPANCIES
10%
____
▪ No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins
or has direct access to a public space, yard, or
street on at least one of its sides.
RIGHT OF WAY
EAVES OVER WINDOWS
▪ Eaves over required windows shall at least be
______ from the side and rear property lines.
750mm
▪ A fireproof barrier used to prevent the spread of
fire between or through buildings
▪ Why are firewalls important? Because when they
are built, the building or part of the building
extends into the setbacks.
FIREWALLS
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R1:
Not allowed
▪ However, an abutment up
to 3.20m high is OK for
carports provided that
above 1.50m, the
abutment shall be
constructed of perforated
concrete blocks.
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R2: .
One side only
▪ Maximum 80% of the length of side property line
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R3: Two configurations are allowed:
▪ Option A: Two sides
▪ Maximum ____ of each side
▪ Total should not exceed ____ of lot perimeter
▪ ___ storeys high only
85%
65%
Two
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R3: Two configurations are allowed:
Option B: One side + Rear
▪ ___ of side or rear (up to _____ for rear if only 4m)
▪ Total should not exceed ____ of lot perimeter
▪ Two storeys high for side, _____ high for rear
90%
100%
50%
3.20m
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R4:
Two sides
▪ Maximum 85% of each side
▪ Total should not exceed 50% of lot perimeter
▪ Maximum height: three storeys
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R5:
▪ Option A:
Two configurations allowed:
Two sides
▪ Maximum 75% of each side
▪ Total should not exceed 50% of lot perimeter
▪ Maximum height: 8 storeys
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ R5:
Option B:
One side + Rear
▪ Maximum 65% of side and 50% of rear
▪ Total should not exceed 60% of lot perimeter
▪ Maximum height: 8 storeys for side, 14m for rear
ALLOWABLE FIREWALLS
▪ Commercial, institutional, and industrial:
▪ Firewalls allowed on the ff. conditions:
▪ Provide ________
▪ Install_____ or ______ devices
▪ Maximum ___ of lot perimeter
▪ RROW setbacks are complied with
sprinkler system
fire-retardant or fire-suppression
70%
TGFA
▪ Total gross floor area
▪ The total floor space inside the building
▪ Keyword: inside/enclosed
▪ Includes services/parking (unlike GFA)
ALLOWABLE MAX. TGFA
▪ Table VII.1, p.84 of Rule 7 & 8
▪ Format: ________
▪ Depends on the ff.:
____
_____
______
Number of floors x footprint
▪ Lot type
▪ Zoning
▪ Use of firewalls
HOW IS BUILDING HEIGHT MEASURED?
▪ From established grade line to the topmost
portion of the building
▪ Excludes allowed projections above the roof, like:
▪ Signage
▪ Masts
▪ Antenna or telecom tower
ESTABLISHING THE GRADE LINE
▪ Grade line = _____-
▪ But if grade is sloping:
▪ If less than 3 meters diff., take _____
▪ If more than 3 meters diff., take _____
highest adjoining sidewalk or natural
grade line
highest grade
the average
ESTABLISHING THE TOP OF
BUILDING
▪ If roof is flat, top =____
▪ If roof is sloping, top = _____
rooftop
middle of roof height
HEIGHT LIMIT PROJECTIONS
▪ Towers, spires and steeples
▪ If made of combustible materials, _____above BHL
▪ If made of incombustible materials, limited only by
_____
6.0m
structural design
TRAFFIC-GENERATING BUILDINGS
▪ Example: shopping malls
▪ The distance between such buildings and major
road intersections is regulated
▪ The building ingress and the intersection shall be
at least ____ apart (measured between the two
nearest curbs)
50m
Method 2 for Determining Buildign Bulk
METHOD 2: FLAR
▪ FLAR : Floor to lot area ratio
▪ Total floor area / lot area
▪ For example, a FLAR designation of 1.50 means that a
lot measuring 100sqm may accommodate a building
whose total floor area is 150sqm.
▪ In a way, FLAR tells us how many lots can fit inside the
building.
METHOD 2: FLAR
▪ Building bulk = Footprint x Height
▪ To get footprint:
▪ FLAR x TLA = Total floor area
▪ Total floor area/Number of storeys = Footprint
▪ Hence, building bulk is equal to:
▪ [(FLAR x TLA)/number of storeys] x BHL
*Check the extension of the Table, Understand this method further
Inside lot
INterior Lot
Corner Lot
Through Lot
Corner Through lOt
Corner Lot Abutting 3 or more Streets, Alley or Rivers etc
End Lot
R1 Setback
R2 Basic Setback
R2 Maximum Setback
R3 Basic Setback
R3 Maximum Setback
R4 Setback
R5 Setback
>30m RROW Setback
25m - 29m RROW Setback
20m - 24m RROW Setback
10m - 19m RROW Setback
<10m RROW Setback
COURTS
▪ Minimum dimension: ___
▪ Hence, minimum area: ____
▪ All inner courts shall be connected to a street or
yard by a passageway at least ___wide
- 00m
- 00sqm
- 20m
JOINING OF COURTS
▪ Minimum dimension may be reduced to ____ in
cluster living units with adjacent courts
▪ Minimum area per court: ____
▪ Separation wall: ____ high maximum
- 50m
- 00sqm
- 00m
FIREWALL EXTENSIONS
▪ Above the roof line: ____
▪ Under the eaves: _____
▪ From the building edges: ___
400mm
300mm
600mm
MINIMUM CEILING HEIGHTS
Minimum Room Sizes
Air Space Requirements
Minimum Area of Windows
Easement for Urban Areas
3m per side of water way
VIEW CORRIDORS + SIGHTLINES
▪ The carriageway shall be free of structures,
particularly commercial signs that will impede the
view corridor and sightlines within the RROW
▪ To dignify important public/historical buildings, all
forms of commercial signs intruding into the
RROW leading to or away said structures shall be
disallowed
ACCESS TO PROPERTY
▪ No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins
or has direct access to a public space, yard, or
road on at least one side.
▪ Interior or rear lots shall have an access road with
a minimum width of ____. Provide a _____wide
chaflan at the intersection with the main RROW.
- 00m
- 00m
THREE RROW LEVELS
▪ RROW above grade
▪ RROW at grade
▪ RROW below grade
RROW AT GRADE
▪ From natural grade line to the finished surface of
the carriageway or sidewalk
▪ Generally utilized for the movement of the general
public (motorists and pedestrians)
▪ If utilized for whatever purpose, proponent must
lease/pay the government
RROW BELOW GRADE
▪ From finished surface of roadway all the way
down into the ground
▪ If utilized for whatever purpose, proponent must
lease/pay the government
GRADE OF SIDEWALKS
▪ As much as possible, sidewalks shall be level and of
uniform grade throughout the length of the street
▪ When the street slope does not exceed ___ , the
sidewalk shall follow the street slope
▪ When the street slope is 1/10, the sidewalk shall be
maintained level for every _____ meters of run, each
level joined by a ramp of a slope not exceeding ____.
1/12
20-40
1/6
DRIVEWAYS ACROSS SIDEWALKS
▪ If curb height = ____ or lower, the driveway and
the sidewalk shall be on the same plane. Provide
entry ramp of slope __ to __ connecting the
carriageway to the sidewalk/curb.
200mm
1/3 to ¼
DRIVEWAYS ACROSS SIDEWALKS
▪ If curb height = greater than 200mm, a curb
cutout for the driveway may be allowed and the
driveway may be constructed along the entire
width of the sidewalk. The sidewalk and the
driveway shall be joined by a ramp with a slope of
not more than ___.
1/8
PLANTING STRIPS
▪ Sidewalks 2.00m or more in width shall include on
its outer side a planting strip of not less than
_____ wide up to a maximum of ____ of the
sidewalk width
▪ The planting strip is meant to separate the curb
from the sidewalk, and must always be placed
near the curbline.
800mm
1/3
ARCADES
▪ Arcades may be constructed on sidewalks of
streets whenever allowed or required by existing
building and zoning regulations.
▪ Arcades shall be at least ___ above the
sidewalk grade.
3.00m
CHAFLANS
▪ Every corner building or fence on a public street
less than ____ wide shall be truncated at the
corner to form a chaflan.
▪ The chaflan shall be at least ____ wide.
- 60m
- 00m
FENCES + CANOPIES
▪ When the horizontal distance between the OFB
and the inner edge or the sidewalk is more than ½
the building height, only a ____ high fence is
required.
▪ When the horizontal distance between the OFB
and the inner edge or the sidewalk is equal or less
than ½ the building height, a ____ will be also
be required in addition to the fence.
For canopies: provide a clear unobstructed height
of ____ above the walkway
2.40m
canopy
2.40m
Occupant Load
Dwellings
Hotels/Apartments
Classrooms
School Shops or Labs
Hospitals
Occupant Load
Stores - Basement
Stores - Ground Floor
Stores - Upper Floors
Stores - Offices
Auditioriums. Theaters, Churches
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
▪ Glass in large areas along shopping malls,
commercial buildings, institutional buildings, etc.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
▪ Glass in large areas along shopping malls,
commercial buildings, institutional buildings, etc.
