W9 Developmental Psychology

Question 1

Critical Window

Answer 1

12-17 hours after hatching

Question 2

Feeding Hypothesis:

Answer 2

Function of attachment is to access food (survival)

Question 3

Psychoanalytic theory (Sigmund Freud):
Feeding Hypothesis:

Answer 3

Attachment formed through “drive reduction” (food)

Question 4

Learning/Behaviour
Feeding Hypothesis:

Answer 4

Attachment formed through association with feeding

Question 5

Social Needs Hypothesis:

Answer 5

Attachment is about fulfilling an important social need to be soothed or loved (“creature comforts”)

Question 6

Dichotomies in Attachment

Answer 6

Nature vs. Nurture
Universal vs. Individual Differences
Continuous vs. Discontinuous

Question 7

0 - 2 Months

Answer 7

Baby does not discriminate among people

Question 8

2 - 7 months

Answer 8

baby begins to prefer familiar people; beginning of ‘stranger anxiety’

Question 9

7 - 24 months

Answer 9

developed an attachment to the primary caregiver; the beginning of ‘separation anxiety’

Question 10

24 months onward

Answer 10

reciprocal relationship - child feels secure over prolonged separations

Question 11

Bowlby’s Theory of Attachment

Answer 11

Evolutionary-Biological Perspective
- The closer they can get to the caregiver, the greater their access to food & comfort.

Question 12

‘Secure base’ behaviour

Answer 12

Balance between closeness and exploration

Question 13

Mary Ainsworth

Answer 13

Strange Situation Test

Question 14

Insecure avoidant attachment
= parent is insensitive/unresponsive

Answer 14

• Infant is not distressed when she leaves
• Infant avoids the mother when she returns

Question 15

Insecure resistant attachment
= parent is Inconsistently in response

Answer 15

• Infant is the most distressed when the mother leaves
• stays close to the mother when she returns (but infant may act angry)

Question 16

Disorganized attachment (rare)
= parent is Unsafe

Answer 16

• Incoherent or bizarre behaviour
• Typically associated with maltreatment of the infant, or may indicate presence of a developmental disorder