W2 History, Methods, Conformity, and Obedience in Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Nativism

A

born with everything you need to survive

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2
Q

Empiricism

A

born as a blank slate and learn everything

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3
Q

Structuralism

A

Wundt relationships between parts of the mind not the qualities of the parts

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4
Q

Functionalism

A

James - identifies the nature and function of aspects of the mind

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5
Q

Behaviourism

A

Skinner, +/- reinforcement with rats
Watson, little Albert, conditionin

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6
Q

Gestalt

A

the totality of experience and perception

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7
Q

Humanism defintion

A

study of the whole person and the uniqueness of each individual

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8
Q

Psychologists of Humanism

A

Maslow, hierarchy of needs
Rodgers, person-centred therapy

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9
Q

Personality and body types: Sheldon 20th century

A

Endomorph - Slow moving, complacent
Mesomorph - Competitive, energetic
Ectomorph - Self-conscious, restrained

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10
Q

Social developmental Psych

A

Robert Rosenthal, Pygmalion effect, treat a child like they are stupid and they will be
Albert Bandura, aggression and its impact on children’s behaviour

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11
Q

independet varible (IV)

A

is what we manipulate/change

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12
Q

dependent viarible (DV)

A

is the one e measure as it is impacted by the IV

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13
Q

Norman Triplett - social facilitation, compition machine

A

Findings: when someone skilled at a task is observed doing it they perform better.

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14
Q

Sherif - Autokinetic Effect - social conformity and influence - dark room experiment

A

Findings: participants’ judgements have been influenced in the direction of judgements expressed by others - to a limited extent they have conformed

- Frame of reference developed alone persists in group, but may not be as stable. OR Frame of reference developed in a group may persist when alone.
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15
Q

Asch - Conformity in unambiguous situations, line experiment (visual discrimination)

A

Findings: Even in unambiguous situations, people are likely to conform to majority influence at least some of the time.

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16
Q

Why do people conform?

A

Motivation: Wanting to be right or Wanting to make a good impression

Informational Influence
Normative Influence

17
Q

Different types of conformity

A

Informational Influence - Conversion
Normative Influence - Compliance

18
Q

Independent resisters

A

will just do what every they want and won’t be influenced by the group

19
Q

Anticonformist resisters

A

will always go against and do the opposite of what the group does

20
Q

What affects conformity?

A

Competing contexts: Private vs Public

Group membership: people feel more conformable doing what others are doing

Consistency within the group Effect of group consistency only applies in unambiguous situations.

Group size: conformity increases up to 3 people but is no longer significant after 4.

21
Q

Milgram

A

obedience shock experiment, the influence of the enviro

Findings: those left by themselves saw the least conformity and those with someone else in a position of authority with them conformed the most especially if the other person was acting as a co-teacher and is doing all the shocking instead.

22
Q

Matching

A

the tendency to pair up with others with whom they share similar traits.

23
Q

Homogamy

A

the phonomena to choose partner who are similar in certain characteristics, such as socioeconomic status, education, ethnicity, religion, or age.

24
Q

Introspection

A

the process of looking inward to observe and reflect upon one’s own mental and emotional experiences. This self-examination can involve a range of activities, such as reflecting on one’s feelings, thoughts, desires, and motivations.

25
WEIRD
western, eductaed, industrialised, rish, democratic
26
social psyc intrapersonal topics of research
relates to the individual
27
social psyc interpersonal topics of research
relates to the group
28
situationism
our behaviour and actions are determined by the immediate envro
29
dispositionism
our behaviour is determined by internal factores | personailty traits and temperament
30
Fundamental Attribution error (FAE)
when some attributes another perosn behaviour to an internal trait and not extrenal enviro | not cross-culteral and seen more in WEIRD cultures
31
The halo effect
to let the overall impression of an idividuals character influence you | thinking attrictive peolpe are inherinetly good.
32
Actor-Observer Bias
attributing others behaviour to internal factors and not enviro
33
self-serving Bias
to explain our successes to internal dispostional traist but our failiures to external situational factors
34
Informational Influence
Conversion - belief that others are right - they have changed their own private opinion.
35
Normative Influence
Compliance - concern about how they will be perceived - privately disagreeing.