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Psyc Test 2 Weeks 5-11 > W5 Personality > Flashcards

W5 Personality Flashcards

- intro to personality - personality in the workplace

1
Q

Definition of personality

A

charateristics that are representitve of who we are as a person and can determine how we act or respond in certain situations

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2
Q

the pillars of temperament - Hippocrates 5th century BC

A

hot/wet = blood
cold/wet = phlegm
hot/dry = yellow bile
cold/dry = black bile

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3
Q

the four humours - Galen 2nd century AD

A

blood - sanguine - cheerful
black bile - melancholic - unhappy
yellow bile - choleric - bad-tempered
phlegm - phlegmatic - calm

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4
Q

nomothetic approach

A

identification, measurement and description of common traits across individuals.

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5
Q

ideographic approach

A

identification of the unique combinations of traits that account for an individual’s personality.

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6
Q

Factor Analysis:

A

a fantastic tool for looking at things like the structure of personality from the data up

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7
Q

openness

A

Imaginative vs down-to-earth

Preference for variety vs preference for routine

Independent vs conforming

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8
Q

Conscientiousness

A

Well-organised vs disorganised

Careful vs careless

Self-disciplined vs weak-willed

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9
Q

Extraversion

A

Sociable vs retiring

Fun-loving vs ‘sober’

Affectionate vs reserved

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10
Q

Agreeableness

A

Softhearted vs ruthless

Trusting vs suspicious

Helpful vs uncooperative

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11
Q

Neuroticism (Emotional Stability)

A

Worried vs calm

Insecure vs secure

Self-pitying vs self-satisfied

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12
Q

Characteristics of Machiavellianism

A

motivated by status and power

Relative lack of affect in interpersonal relationships
● Lack of concern for conventional morality
● Lack of gross psychopathology
● Low ‘ideological’ commitment

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13
Q

Why are we interested in psychopathy?

A

● They commit more offences, more violent offences, more different kinds of offences
● They commit more sexual offences against adults and less against children
● Harder (but not impossible) to rehabilitate and, rehabilitation may not work as well
● Most offending is still done by non-psychopaths.

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14
Q

Psychopathy

A

impulsivity and aggression

Chronic syndrome of negative characteristics

Three groups of symptoms

·Interpersonal: arrogant, callous, manipulative
·Affective: shallow, irritable, lacking remorse
·Behavioural: parasitic, impulsive, irresponsible, breaking rules

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15
Q

Trait approach

A

there is a continuum of personality and it is normally distributed

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16
Q

meta-analysis

A

combined stats

17
Q

Freud’s Topographic Model

A

id - unconscious
ego - Preconscious
superego - Preconscious

18
Q

Carl Jung

A

Collective unconscious
Primordial images → Archetypes
(…extroversion)

19
Q

Psychological ‘types’
Two basic ‘attitudes’

A

Introversion and Extroversion
Later added four basic ‘functions’:
Irrational (sensation, intuition) - reflecting perception
Rational (thinking, feeling) - reflecting reason and judgement

20
Q

Gordon Allport

A

proposed the nomothetic approach and the ideographic approach

21
Q

primary psychopathy traits

A

personality and emotional deficits

22
Q

the Dark Triad

A

Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy

23
Q

the Dark Tetrad

A

Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy
and Sadism

24
Q

secondary psychopathy traits

A

Disorganized and impulsive lifestyle

25
Q

who are more likely to be Psychopaths

A

old men

26
Q

Characteristic of Narcissism

A

Grandiosity and Need for admiration

● they have of thinking they are amazing yet worrying that they aren’t
● they don’t know they are narcissists
● can be heritable but is also affect by the enviro

27
Q

Characteristics Machiavellianism and Psychopathy share

A

manipulativeness

Lack of Empathy, Exploitativeness, Cynicism

28
Q

The Dark Triad in the workplace

A

Machiavellianism and Psychopathy leads poorer performance
All three associated with more Counterproductive Work Behaviour

29
Q

which of the big five are connected to higher earnings

A

openness, conscientiousenss, and extroversion

30
Q

which of the big five are not connected to earnings

A

neuroticism and agreeanleness

31
Q

big five and positive work engagement

A

conscientiouness (all except) nueroticism

32
Q

big five an positve performance

A

conscientiouness (all except) nueroticism

33
Q

big five and acamdeic study

A

conscientiouness more extroversion and nueroticism less

34
Q

who are more likly to be Naracisstic

A

18-20 year olds

35
Q

what is the closes DSM disoreder corrolated to Psycopathy

A

antisocial personbality disorder

36
Q

Characteristics narcissists and Psychopathy share

A

Lack of Empathy

37
Q

Characteristics narcissists and Machiavellianism share

A

Manipulativeness

Psyc Test 2 Weeks 5-11 (11 decks)

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