W8: Youtube videos

Question 1

The problem of evil is also known as … ?

Answer 1

The problem of suffering

Question 2

What is ‘the problem of evil’ an argument against?

Answer 2

An argument against the existence of God.

Question 3

How does ‘the problem of evil’ argue against the existence of God?

Answer 3

The argument is that the existence of evil and suffering in the world is incompatible with the existence of an all-loving, all-powerful God.

Question 4

The Epicurean Paradox, from Greek philosopher _________, states …

Answer 4

Epicurus (341-270 BC)

Is God willing, but not able? Then he is not omnipotent.

Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent.

Is he both able and willing? Then whence cometh evil?

Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?

Question 5

The Inconsistent Triad, created by Australian philosopher _______, states….

Answer 5

J.L. Mackie

God is all-good, God is all powerful, and evil exists, cannot logically all be true at the same time without a contradiction

Question 6

The “logical” problems of evil shared by J.L Mackie and Epicurus are examples of _________ arguments

Answer 6

deductive

Question 7

“Evidential” problems of evil, are examples of _______ arguments

Answer 7

inductive

Question 8

Who stated “The existence of evil makes God’s existence unlikely or improbable”?

Answer 8

William Rowe

Question 9

Attempts to justify how God is compatible with the existence of evil and suffering are called _______

Answer 9

Theodicies

Question 10

The Augustinian Theodicy, named after ____________, states…

Answer 10

St. Augustine of Hippo

Since God is perfect, and God created the world, God made a perfect world.

God created a world without moral evil or natural evil.

Evil is not a thing in itself, but the absence of Good.

Question 11

“Evil is not a thing in itself, but the absence of Good.” is what Augustine calls….

Answer 11

A privation of Good (Privatio Boni in latin)

Question 12

Where does evil come from according to St. Augstine?

Answer 12

God gave humans free will. When they choose to disobey God, they create an ‘absence of good’ within themselves.

Question 13

According to St. Augstine, God is both ______ and _______

Answer 13

Loving

Fair or just

Question 14

God shows his justice by….

Answer 14

not intervening to prevent evil. He is fair when allowing humans to face consequences for their actions

Question 15

4 criticisms of the Augustinian Theodicy

Answer 15

1. How could a perfect world go wrong?
2. How could perfect beings choose to do wrong?
3. Was the world truly made perfect?
4. Is it reasonable to say suffering isn’t a real thing?