W8 How cells get energy

Question 1

how much water do most cells usually have

Answer 1

7

Question 2

what’s the definition of gathering energy from the sun

Answer 2

movement of e-

Question 3

what do e- like to associate with

Answer 3

protons or hydride ions (H-)

Question 4

what is the equation of water content

Answer 4

H20+ H20 -> H30+ + OH-

Question 5

what is bond breaking called

Answer 5

catabolism

Question 6

what is bond making called

Answer 6

anabolism

Question 7

what are the 3 e- cofactors

Answer 7

NAD+
NADP+
FAD

Question 8

why is C used by cells

Answer 8

space for 4 e-
can form non-polar backbones

Question 9

what is the definition of a calorie

Answer 9

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g (1 ml) of water by 1 degree at a pressure of 1 Atmos

Question 10

why do cells needs energy

Answer 10

biosynthesis
active transport of solutes + ions
light and heat
mechanical work

Question 11

what are autotrophs

Answer 11

make their own food from inorganic carbon
get energy from sunlight

Question 12

what are heterotroph

Answer 12

get energy from foods
use organic carbon mols to create ATP

Question 13

what are photoheterotrophs

Answer 13

use light energy and organic substrates to synthesise organic molecules

Question 14

what are chemotrophs

Answer 14

use energy from chemical bonds

Question 15

what are lithotrophs

Answer 15

use inorganic compounds as e- donors

Question 16

what are organotrophs

Answer 16

use organic compounds as e- donors

Question 17

for cells to survive they need what 4 things

Answer 17

energy
C molecules
catalyst
info

Question 18

what’s the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 18

energy cannot be created or destroyed so energy of a closed system remains constant

Question 19

what’s the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 19

the sum of the entropies in a closed system must increase

Question 20

do cells obey the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 20

yes, sacrifices available energy to increase entropy

Question 21

which type of reaction needs energy

Answer 21

anabolic reactions

Question 22

which type of reaction doesn’t need energy

Answer 22

catabolic reactions

Question 23

when a reaction start what is ΔG

Answer 23

positive value

Question 24

what are the 3 stages of enzyme action

Answer 24

association
catalysis
dissociation

Question 25

are cofactor or cosubstrates affected by a enzyme action

Answer 25

cosubstrates

Question 26

how does fermentation produce ATP

Answer 26

converts NADH to NAD+ for glycolysis

Question 27

what is the glycolytic switch

Answer 27

when a cell switches from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism

Question 28

what can the glycolytic switch help cancer cells for

Answer 28

Walburg effect