W6 Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards
where is the heart located?
in the middle part of the mediastinum, in most species from the 2nd/3rd to 5th/6th intercostal space, olecrannon used as a landmark of the 5th intercostal space
the heart is asymmetrically within the thorax, what percentage lies to the left of the median plane?
60%
normally, what organ covers most of the surface of the heart?
the lungs
what layers make up the pericardial sac that contains the heart?
the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium layers (fibroserous sac)
what fluid is between the parietal and visceral layers
pericardial fluid
what is the epicardium?
the visceral and most external layer of the heart
what layer is the myocardium?
the middle layer
what layer is the endocardium?
the most internal layer of the heart
the parietal pericardium adheres to what?
fibrous pericardium
continuation of the fibrous pericardium to the sternum and diaphragm forms what ligaments?
the sternopericardial and phrenicocardial ligaments
where are the auricles of the heart found?
next to the pulmonary trunk
is the atrial surface on the left or right side of the heart?
right side
what chambers receive blood?
atria
what chambers pump blood?
ventricles
between which chambers is the right atrioventricular/tricuspid valve?
the right atrium and right ventricle
between which chambers is the left atrioventricular/bicuspid valve?
the left atrium and left ventricle
where would you find the pulmonary valve?
between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries that take blood to the lungs
where would you find the aortic valve?
between the left ventricle and aorta (that takes blood to the body)
which valves are semilunar valves?
the pulmonary and aortic valve
valves are anchored in the ventricles by what?
chordae tendineae
when do valves open?
when the pressure is greater behind the valve than in front of the valve (one way valves)
what are the aortic sinuses?
pockets between the aortic valves cusps and the vessel wall
what branches off of the left coronary artery?
the paraconal interventricular artery and the circumflex branch
what is the coronary groove?
the coronary sulcus is a groove on the surface of the heart at the base or the right auricle that separates the atria from the ventricles -
