W5D3 Flashcards
RBC that lacks a zone of central pallor
Spherocytes
RBC membrane defect = spectrin & ankyrin
causes the spleen to destroy them
Case-fatality rate
(they are concern w/)/the total number of cases
Gilbert syndrome vs Dubin-Johnson syndrome
Gilbert = issue w/ conjugating bilirubin (UDP)
Dubin = defective excretion –> accumulation of stored bilirubin in hepatocytes + normal conjugated levels
D = dark liver
decrease haptoglobin
vasoocclusion = dactylitis
hemolysis
infections (encapsulated)
SIckle cell
Meningococcal meingitis
adrenal hemorrhage + insufficiency
petechial rash + fever
Hydrocephalus
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
retinal exudates
calcification
crescent-shaped organism w/ central nucleus
Toxoplasma = cat feeces + undercooked meat
Increase bleeding time
normal PT/PTT
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
decrease ADAMTS13 levels = decrease vWF cleaving protease
S
A
D
P
U
C
K
E
R
Suprarenal
Aorta + IVC
Duodenum (2/3)
Pancreas
Ureters
Colon
Kidney
Esophagus
Rectum
retroperitoneal
Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutation
nonsense
Testicular torsion = acute onset of scrotal pain
ischemia =
Gonadal which comes off the ab aorta
5 cofactors of MSUD
Thiamine
lipoate
CoA
FAD
NAD
Ionizing radiation
ds-DNA breaks
which fungus has germ tube
CANDIDA ALBICANS
which drug has a similar target as trimethoprim
Methotrexate
Test that is appropriate for comparing 2+ means
analysis of variance
When does a test question want B19 and when does it want SLE
B19 = facial rash
SLE = malar facial rash
12F
intellectual disability
hypopigmented skin macules
periventricular subependymal nodules
Shagreen patches
Teberous sclerosis complex
Tuberin-hamarin complex
Dx that causes priapism
Trazodone
when is it axillary LN and when is it suspensory ligment
COLOR CHANGE
LN = color change
Observer bias
preconceived expectation or prior knowledge
When is it RSV & when is it pertussis
Pertussis = vomiting (seal or dog bark) + lungs clear
RSV = crackles/wheezing + winter/fall
Activation of adrenergic receptors arrest
tachyphylaxis = receptors are inactivated or internalization by arrestins
18M
Testicular pain 2 days
Cremasteric reflex + B/L
Acute epididymitis = STI
Testicular torsion = inadequate fixation (loss of cremasteric reflex)
Direct Xa inhibitors
stop the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
How increase duration affect
- prevalence
- incidence
Prevalence > Incidence
Sink analogue
water coming down (incidence)
Sink = prevalence
drain = people leaving the denominator
Hawthorne effect
Observer effect = study subjects changes their behaviors as a result of their awareness of the study
Berkson’s bias
selecting hospitalized pts as a control group
Pygmalion
researchers belief in the efficacy of tx potentially affects the outcome
Negative test & does not have outcome
NPV
Test accuracy is determined by
area under the curve
activates PPAR-y = decrease insulin resistance
Pioglitazone
