W5D3

Question 1

RBC that lacks a zone of central pallor

Answer 1

Spherocytes

RBC membrane defect = spectrin & ankyrin

causes the spleen to destroy them

Question 2

Case-fatality rate

Answer 2

(they are concern w/)/the total number of cases

Question 3

Gilbert syndrome vs Dubin-Johnson syndrome

Answer 3

Gilbert = issue w/ conjugating bilirubin (UDP)

Dubin = defective excretion –> accumulation of stored bilirubin in hepatocytes + normal conjugated levels

D = dark liver

Question 4

decrease haptoglobin
vasoocclusion = dactylitis
hemolysis
infections (encapsulated)

Answer 4

SIckle cell

Question 5

Meningococcal meingitis

Answer 5

adrenal hemorrhage + insufficiency

petechial rash + fever

Question 6

Hydrocephalus
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
retinal exudates
calcification
crescent-shaped organism w/ central nucleus

Answer 6

Toxoplasma = cat feeces + undercooked meat

Question 7

Increase bleeding time
normal PT/PTT

Answer 7

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
decrease ADAMTS13 levels = decrease vWF cleaving protease

Question 8

S
A
D
P
U
C
K
E
R

Answer 8

Suprarenal
Aorta + IVC
Duodenum (2/3)
Pancreas
Ureters
Colon
Kidney
Esophagus
Rectum

retroperitoneal

Question 9

Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutation

Answer 9

nonsense

Question 10

Testicular torsion = acute onset of scrotal pain

ischemia =

Answer 10

Gonadal which comes off the ab aorta

Question 11

5 cofactors of MSUD

Answer 11

Thiamine
lipoate
CoA
FAD
NAD

Question 12

Ionizing radiation

Answer 12

ds-DNA breaks

Question 13

which fungus has germ tube

Answer 13

CANDIDA ALBICANS

Question 14

which drug has a similar target as trimethoprim

Answer 14

Methotrexate

Question 15

Test that is appropriate for comparing 2+ means

Answer 15

analysis of variance

Question 16

When does a test question want B19 and when does it want SLE

Answer 16

B19 = facial rash

SLE = malar facial rash

Question 17

12F
intellectual disability
hypopigmented skin macules
periventricular subependymal nodules
Shagreen patches

Answer 17

Teberous sclerosis complex
Tuberin-hamarin complex

Question 18

Dx that causes priapism

Answer 18

Trazodone

Question 19

when is it axillary LN and when is it suspensory ligment

Answer 19

COLOR CHANGE

LN = color change

Question 20

Observer bias

Answer 20

preconceived expectation or prior knowledge

Question 21

When is it RSV & when is it pertussis

Answer 21

Pertussis = vomiting (seal or dog bark) + lungs clear

RSV = crackles/wheezing + winter/fall

Question 22

Activation of adrenergic receptors arrest

Answer 22

tachyphylaxis = receptors are inactivated or internalization by arrestins

Question 23

18M
Testicular pain 2 days
Cremasteric reflex + B/L

Answer 23

Acute epididymitis = STI

Testicular torsion = inadequate fixation (loss of cremasteric reflex)

Question 24

Direct Xa inhibitors

Answer 24

stop the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Question 25

How increase duration affect

1. prevalence
2. incidence

Answer 25

Prevalence > Incidence

Sink analogue

water coming down (incidence)
Sink = prevalence
drain = people leaving the denominator

Question 26

Hawthorne effect

Answer 26

Observer effect = study subjects changes their behaviors as a result of their awareness of the study

Question 27

Berkson’s bias

Answer 27

selecting hospitalized pts as a control group

Question 28

Pygmalion

Answer 28

researchers belief in the efficacy of tx potentially affects the outcome

Question 29

Negative test & does not have outcome

Answer 29

NPV

Question 30

Test accuracy is determined by

Answer 30

area under the curve

Question 31

activates PPAR-y = decrease insulin resistance

Answer 31

Pioglitazone