W5 P2

Question 1

high throughput screening

Answer 1

Used to test thousands of samples simultaneously

can determine the role of genes in diseases

Uses micro-assay techniques

Used to study the role of genes and find genes that affect other ones

Adv: Fast, large use, Cons: Expensive, false neg/pos

Question 2

Monoclonal antibodies

Answer 2

Produced by clone cells, designed to recognise and bind to a specific antigen, only targets one etitope

Question 3

totipent cells

Answer 3

Fertilized oocyte (zygote) & progeny of the first few cell
divisions - Cells able to form the embryo and the trophoblast of the placenta.

Question 4

Pluripotent cells

Answer 4

Cells capable of producing cells from all three germ layers -
but not an embryo – Embryonic stem, carcinoma and germ cells, some adult stem
cells.

Question 5

Multipotent cells

Answer 5

Present in most adult tissues, produce a limited range of
differentiated cell lineages appropriate to their location.

Question 6

oligopotent cells

Answer 6

Can give rise to a few types of differentiated cell, eg neural
stem cells that can create a subset of neurons in the brain

Question 7

unipotent cells

Answer 7

generate only one cell type – Adult derived, but new ways of
‘de-differentiating’ these cells.

Question 8

Gene augmentation

Answer 8

Supply a functioning gene
to supplement a defective one – suitable for
‘loss-of function’ mutations

Question 9

Stem cell

Answer 9

Unspecialised cells that can differentiate into another cell, e.g bone, neural, heart

Question 10

Gene therapy

Answer 10

Manipulation of patient cells

SGT - Modifies specific cells for that patient

GA - Replacing defective gene with a functioning one (cystic fibrosis)