W5 Language in Use Aussie Hypos Flashcards
What is Pragmatics?
The study of how language is used in social contexts, focusing on goals and inferred meanings beyond literal interpretations.
What do we consider when making inferences in conversation?
We consider what is said, how it is said, and what is not said.
What are Speech Acts?
Performative utterances that fulfill specific goals, as described by Austin and Searle.
Name the three forces of a speech act according to Austin.
- Locutionary force
- Illocutionary force
- Perlocutionary force
What are Searle’s five types of speech acts?
- Representatives
- Directives
- Commissives
- Expressives
- Declaratives
What is the difference between direct and indirect speech acts?
Direct speech acts are straightforward, while indirect speech acts require interpretation and often involve politeness.
What are the two methods of analyzing conversation structure?
- Discourse analysis
- Conversation analysis
What does discourse refer to?
A unified passage of language that requires understanding of both form and content based on context.
How does situational context influence discourse?
It provides knowledge about the speakers, listeners, discussed objects, and general facts, allowing for omitted information to be understood.
What is cohesion in discourse?
The use of terms to refer back to previously mentioned ideas, enhancing understanding and flow in conversation.
What are Grice’s conversational maxims?
Unwritten rules for effective communication: Quality, Manner, Quantity, and Relevance.
Define Politeness according to Brown & Levinson.
The act of considering the feelings of others, influenced by power, social distance, and imposition.
What are hypocoristics?
Casual forms of words, often shortened and with specific morphemic endings, common in Australian English.
Why do Australians use hypocoristics?
For efficiency, social identity, informality, and to express friendliness.
How do hypocoristic forms reflect social meanings?
They often show gender associations, with male names typically receiving -o endings and female names -ie endings.
