W12 Bilingualism Flashcards
What is bilingualism?
Fluency/competency in two languages, often asymmetric, and can be productive or receptive.
What are the types of bilingualism?
Simultaneous, early sequential, and late sequential.
What is code-switching?
Switching between languages in a single utterance, e.g., mixing English and another language.
Why might a speaker code-switch?
To fit in, convey thoughts more appropriately, or speak ‘in secret.’
What is language attrition?
The loss of language skills, which can occur if a language is not used regularly.
What are some benefits of bilingualism?
Better metalinguistic awareness, cognitive flexibility, and verbal fluency.
What is the Separate Store Model in bilingual processing?
A theory suggesting that bilinguals have separate lexicons for each language.
What is the Common Store Model in bilingual processing?
A theory proposing that languages share a semantic connection, allowing for semantic priming between them.
What are the implications of learning a second language (L2)?
It can be more difficult if the L1 and L2 differ significantly, and learners may experience a U-shaped curve in proficiency.
What does Krashen’s Monitor Model distinguish between?
Language learning (formal education) and language acquisition (natural exposure).
What is “textese”?
An informal writing style used in digital communication characterized by abbreviations and emoticons.
What factors influence language use in bilingual societies?
Home background, conversational partner, politics, and feelings of solidarity or distance.
How has digital communication changed writing styles?
It has led to the development of ‘textese’ and changes in norms around punctuation and expressiveness.
What social implications can writing styles in digital communication have?
People often judge others’ competence and likability based on their writing, including use of textese and punctuation.
