W4 Sentence Processing Flashcards
What are the building blocks of language?
Words.
What is the relationship between words and their meanings?
Words and meanings are arbitrarily related, with few exceptions like onomatopoeia.
What do naming tasks measure?
Naming latency, usually around 500 ms.
What is a Lexical Decision Task (LDT)?
A task where participants decide if letter strings are real words or not.
What factors affect word recognition?
Physical interference, frequency, familiarity, age of acquisition, word length, neighbourhood effects, and priming.
What is the effect of physical interference on word recognition?
Stimulus degradation and backwards masking can hinder recognition.
What is the neighbourhood effect?
Low-frequency words are responded to faster if they have a large neighbourhood size (similar sounding words).
How does word frequency influence recognition?
Higher frequency words are recognized faster and more accurately than low-frequency words.
What is priming in the context of word recognition?
A stimulus presented before the target can facilitate or inhibit recognition, based on relatedness.
What are the three main hypotheses for processing complex words?
Full listing, obligatory decomposition, and dual pathway hypotheses.
What does the Full Listing hypothesis propose?
Each word has a separate entry in the lexicon, including all its variants.
What is the Obligatory Decomposition hypothesis?
Words are stored in their root form, and affixes are accessed and combined during processing.
What is the Dual Pathway hypothesis?
Most words are stored in their root form, with some common forms having their own listings.
What is the difference between serial search and parallel access models?
Serial search scans one lexical entry at a time, while parallel access activates multiple entries simultaneously.
What is parsing in sentence processing?
The assignment of words in a sentence to their linguistic categories to extract meaning.
