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Research Methods > W5 > Flashcards

W5 Flashcards

1
Q

What can you run instead of doing multiple T tests?

A

A 1-way independent ANOVA

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2
Q

Good or bad if the homogeneity of variance is greater than 0.05

A

Good

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3
Q

What does ANOVA ask the question of?

A

How successful the experimental manipulation has been in comparison to the natural variability that exists

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4
Q

What does ANOVA compare?

A

Type of variance you want (effect variance) with the type of variance you don’t want (error variance).

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5
Q

When do significant effects occur in the independent ANOVA?

A

When you have 4 times as much variance between your groups as you do within your groups.

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6
Q

Equation for f-ratio

A

Variability between treatment conditions / variability within treatment conditions

Effect + error / error

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7
Q

Q. Calculate the population variance of the following numbers:

81, 92, 67, 84, 76

A

69.20

  1. Calculate mean
  2. Subtract mean from each value in data set = deviance.
  3. Square all deviance values
  4. Total all deviance values
  5. Divide total by no of data.
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8
Q

Q. What is the ratio between effect variance and error variance called?

A

F ratio

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9
Q

Q. True or false? The lack of a significant p value does not enable you to conclude that the intervention had no effect.

A

True

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10
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA if the SSwithin value is 312.45 and the dfwithin value is 14. What is the MSwithin value?

A

22.32

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11
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA if the SSbetween value is 259.78 and the dfbetween value is 2. What is the MSbetween value?

A

129.89

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12
Q

In an independent ANOVA you have 3 groups with the following means:
Group 1: 28, 26, 37, 39, 14
Group 2: 31, 22, 32, 28, 19
Group 3: 15, 17, 21, 27, 32
What is the SS value for the means (SSm)?

A

20.91

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13
Q

Q. What value is calculated to counteract the effect of extreme values on the range of a data set?

A

IQ range

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14
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA if the SSbetween value is 198.74 and the SStotal value is 502.47.What is the effect size (ŋp2)?

A

0.40

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15
Q

Q. True or False? The standard error is smaller than the standard deviation.

A

True

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16
Q

Q. Your output from a one way independent ANOVA revels a p value of 0.079. Is there a significant difference between the groups?

A

No

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17
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA you have 3 groups each with 10 participants. If your SSm value is 22.48, what is your SSbetween value?

A

224.80

18
Q

Q. You have an F ratio of 3.98 and your critical value table for your degrees of freedom shows a critical value of 3.89. Are your findings significant?

A

Yes

19
Q

Q. What is another term for the deviance squared?

A

Sum of squared errors

20
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA if the SSwithin value is 347.21 and the dfwithin value is 15. What is the MSwithin value?

A

23.15

21
Q

Q. In an independent ANOVA you have 3 groups each with 8 participants. If your SSm value is 24.16, what is your SSbetween value?

A

193.28

22
Q

Q. True or false? A Bonferroni correction can be used to mathematically account for an increased error rate.

A

True

23
Q

Q. What is another word for p value?

A

Alpha

24
Q

In an independent ANOVA if the SSbetween value is 398.59 and the dfbetween value is 3. What is the MSbetween value?

A

132.86

25
Q

Q. What can we use to determine if our F ratio is significant?

A

Critical value table

26
Q

Q. How do we describe a relationship between two variables that obviously are not affected by each other?

A

Spurious correlation

27
Q

When calculating the sample variance (If values in a data set are from a random sample drawn from some larger
population) then we divide the numerator by,

A

n-1

28
Q

A p value of 0.07 is another way of saying

A

There is an approximately 7% chance that the observed effect is a chance occurrence

29
Q

If the null hypothesis is true, the ANOVA F values is expected to be close to

A

1

30
Q

If the null hypothesis is false, the ANOVA F value is expected to be

A

Substantially greater than 1

31
Q

If the F statistic is greater than the critical value of F, the null hypothesis should be

A

Rejected

32
Q

Dividing the Sum of Squares (SS) by the degree of freedom (df) results in what

A

Mean sum of squares

33
Q

The MSbetween is divided by MSwithin to produce the

A

F value

34
Q

The most common effect size used for an ANOVA is partial eta squared. If a study were to be done in which treatments for the effective of three different diets for weight loss were compared and partial eta squared = .22, which of the following would be the best interpretation of partial eta squared?

A

The type of diet people received explained 22% of the variability in weight loss

35
Q

The null hypothesis in ANOVA is that

A

all the sample means are the same

36
Q

Post hoc tests are needed whenever you

A

Reject the null hypothesis and there were more than two IV conditions

37
Q

When you enter data into SPSS to run an independent one way ANOVA you should have

A

A column for the independent variable and a column fro the dependent variable

38
Q

How do you compute the dfbetween

A

No. of treatment conditions - 1

39
Q

How do you compute dfwithin?

A

No. Ppl in study - no. of treatment groups

40
Q

If tow separate studies have the same dfbetween and the same dfwithin which of the following statements are true?

A

The Critical value for F is the same for both studies

41
Q

When treatment conditions vary in their effectiveness (i.e. some treatments are better tha others) the data will tend to have what?

A

large MSwithin

Research Methods (13 decks)

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