W4: Definition of adverse drug reactions

Question 1

Okay, what is adverse reaction?

Answer 1

Definition by WHO:
Any response of a drug which is noxious and unintended, that occurs at doses used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease

• Undesired response

Question 2

Side effects are adverse reactions because they are an unintended effect of the drug as well. True or False?

Answer 2

FALSE. Side effects are actually related to the therapeutic activities of a drug. e.g. drowsiness, nausea etc. It won’t cause much harm.

Adverse reaction are harmful reactions followed by the administration of drug under normal condition

Question 3

What type of adverse drug reaction is the most common?

Answer 3

Type A adverse drug reaction is the most common. It is related to dosage.

Question 4

Give the definition of idiosyncratic.

Answer 4

Unusual response to a drug that is unpredictable and rare

Question 5

Adverse drug reaction is due to the ______ and _______ alteration of drug products

Answer 5

alteration in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Question 6

Mechanisms of adverse reactions include _______ and ______.

Answer 6

Direct toxicity (toxic metabolites led to chemical reactions, DNA damage and physiological dysfunction)and hypersensitivity (exaggerated immune system)