W2e1

Question 1

What are the 3 causes of obstructive airway syndrome

Answer 1

1. Asthma- constriction of smooth muscle
2. Chronic bronchitis- neutrophil inflammation caused by smoking
3. Emphysema- destruction of alveoli walls, causing airway collapse

Question 2

What are the two ‘zones’ of the lungs

Answer 2

1. Conduction zone - transport of o2 and co2 into the lungs

2. Acinar zone- gas exchange occuring

Question 3

Name the factors in the asthma triad

Answer 3

1. Airway hyperresponsiveness
2. Airway inflammation
3. Reversible airflow obstruction

Question 4

In asthma does the allergen activate a CD4 or CD8 t cell response?

Answer 4

CD4 tcell activating helper cells (th2)

Question 5

What is the inflammatory cascade in asthma

Answer 5

1. Inherited or aquired factors (allergy or genetics)
2. Eosinophillic inflammation
3. Th2 cytokines and mediators release
4. Twitchy smooth muscle (hyperreactivity)

Question 6

What are the clinical presentations of undiagnosed asthma

Answer 6

A. Non productive cough
B. Diurinal variation
C. Wheeze
D. Reduced forced expiratory ratio (feVr)
E. Forced vital capacity preserved
F. Fev1 reduced

Question 7

What are the clinical presentations of copd

Answer 7

A. Constant breathlessness
B. Productive cough
C. Infective exacerbations (worsenings)
D. Reduced forced vital capacity 
E. Reduced lung capacity
F. Fev ratio preserved