W29/L10: Vaccines

Question 1

From which two types of (human) sources can we derive Ig from passive immunisation?

Answer 1

Pooled

Hyperimmune

Question 2

What are the potential drawbacks to passive immunisation with Ig?

Answer 2

Short-lived immunity

Risk of serum sickness

Question 3

What does the process of emprircal attenuation involve?

Answer 3

Growing the pathogen under un-friendly conditions, forcing adaptation. Usually they become less virulent

Question 4

What’s the name of the live polio vaccine?

Answer 4

Sabin OPV

OPV = oral poliovirus

Question 5

What’s the name of the inactivated poliovaccine?

Answer 5

Salk IPV

SalK for killed

Question 6

What are the advantages of living vaccines?

Answer 6

Broader immune response
Local immunity sometimes
Ease of administration sometimes

Question 7

What’s and example of local immunity from live viruses?

Answer 7

The Sabin OPV give IgA immunity

Question 8

What’s an some disadvantages of living vaccines?

Answer 8

Risk of back mutation

Need for cold-chain

Question 9

Which group of people do you not give live vaccines to and why?

Answer 9

Immunocompromised

Pregnant women

Question 10

What are some examples of living empirically attenuated vaccines?

Answer 10

Sabin OPV
MMR
VZV
Rotavirus (rotarix)
Yellow fever

Question 11

What are some examples of reassortant vaccines?

Answer 11

Rotavirus (rotateq)

Question 12

What are some examples of inactivated vaccines?

Answer 12

Salk IPV
Influenza
Hep A
Cholera
Typhoid
Pertussis