W28/L8

Question 1

Define osteoporosis

Answer 1

Reduction in bone mass more than 2.5 S.D. below norm for a healthy 30yo female

Question 2

Define osteopaenia

Answer 2

Reduction in bone mass of 1-2.5 S.D. below the norm for a healthy 30yo female

Question 3

What 2 categories of drugs do we uses in bone disorders?

Answer 3

Antiresorptive agents

Bone anabolic agents.

Question 4

List 3 groups of antiresorptive agents

Answer 4

Bisphosphonates
RANKL inhibitors
SERMS

Question 5

What’t the MoA of bisphosphonates?

Answer 5

They bind to calcium so accumulate in the bone. When osteoclasts injest the bone, the bisphosphates cause apoptosis.

Question 6

What are SERMS

Answer 6

Selective oEstrogen Receptor Modulators

Question 7

What’s the main SERM?

Answer 7

Raloxifene

Question 8

What’s an example of a RANKL inhibitor?

Answer 8

Denosumab

Question 9

List 4 groups of bone anabolic agent?

Answer 9

PTH
Oral calcium or strontium
Oral Vit D
Calcitonin

Question 10

What’s paradoxical about PTH activity?

Answer 10

Acutely, PTH promotes osteoblast d’ment and activity

Continuous/high exposure to PTH promotes osteoclast activity

Question 11

What are the symptoms of hypercalcaemia?

Answer 11

“Stones, bones, groans, thrones and psychiatric overtones”

Kidney/gallstones
Bone pain
Abdo pain, nausea, vomiting
Polyuria
Depression/anxiety/cog dysf'n