Musculoskeletal prac

Question 1

In the formation of bone, osteoblasts secrete _____

Answer 1

Osteoid

Question 2

What’s the intermediary tissue involved in the healing of fractures that forms in & around the fracture site?

Answer 2

Callus

Question 3

What is produces by the chondrocytes in articular cartilage is the process of OA?

Answer 3

Inflammatory cytokines

Question 4

What is believed to play a role in reduced bone density in older people?

Answer 4

Excessive osteoclast activity

Question 5

What are the two cell types of the synovium?

Answer 5

Type A cells

Type B cells

Question 6

What are the Type A cells of the synovium?

Answer 6

Macrophage-like synoviocytes

Question 7

What are the Type B cells of the synovium?

Answer 7

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes

Question 8

T/F the synovium has a blood supply

Answer 8

True! a rich one

Question 9

What forms the synovial fluid?

Answer 9

Plasma filtrate from the synovial capillaries + lubricating substances like hyaluronic acid

Question 10

What is hyaline cartilage made of?

Answer 10

Chondrocytes + ECM

Question 11

T/F hyaline cartilage has a blood supply

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What is the ECM of hyaline cartilage made of?

Answer 12

Type II collagen
Hyaluronic acid
Proteoglycans
GAGs
Water

Question 13

What proportion of hyaline cartilage is water & why?

Answer 13

70% by weight, as the structures are very hydrophilic

Question 14

What’s an example of a proteoglycan?

Answer 14

Aggrecan

Question 15

What’s an example of a GAG?

Answer 15

Chondroitin sulphate

Question 16

What runs within a haversian canal?

Answer 16

Blood vessels & nerves

Supportive CT

Question 17

What are the structures that radiate from osteocytes within their lacunae to other osteocytes? What’s their purpose?

Answer 17

Canaliculi allow circulation of ECF and metabolites between the osteocytes

Question 18

What are the two main types of ossification?

Answer 18

Endochondrial

Intramembranous