W11/L3

Question 1

What are the 3 leading cancers causing death in men in Victoria?

Answer 1

Lung
Prostate
Bowel

Question 2

What are the 3 leading cancers causing death in women in Victoria?

Answer 2

Lung
Breast
Bowel

Question 3

There are 5 reasons people with undiagnosed cancer present:

Answer 3

Local effects of primary tumour
Effects of metastasis
Weight loss/anorexia
Screening programs
Paraneoplastic syndromes

Question 4

What are some common endocrine paraneoplastic effects of lung cancer?

Answer 4

Hypercalcemia (squamous cell)

Cushings (small-cell)

Question 5

What does SCC stand for in lung cancers?

Answer 5

Squamous cell carcinoma

NOT small-cell

Question 6

What are the 4 major types of lung cancers?

Answer 6

SCC
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma

Question 7

Which of the 4 major types of lung cancers is a neuroendocrine carcinoma?

Answer 7

Small cell

Question 8

What does cancer grade refer to?

Answer 8

Degree of differentiation

Question 9

Why do we want to know cancer grade?

Answer 9

Poorly differentiated tumours are more aggressive than well differentiated tumours

Question 10

What does cancer stage refer to?

Answer 10

How large the cancer is/how much it has spread

Question 11

What does the T in TNM refer to & how is it graded?

Answer 11

Extent of primary tumour

0-4 based on size

Question 12

What does the N in TNM refer to & how is it graded?

Answer 12

Regional lymph node metastasis

0-3 based on increasing extent

Question 13

What does the M in TNM refer to and how is it graded?

Answer 13

Distant metastases

0-1 (absence or presence)