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Medical Terminology > W1 & W2 - Tough Terms to remember > Flashcards

W1 & W2 - Tough Terms to remember Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Make these words plural.

Apex
Deformity
Appendix
Thorax
Diagnosis

A

Remove EX add ICES - Apices

Remove Y add IES - Deformities

Remove X add CES - Appendices

Remove X add CES - Thoraces

Remove IS add ES - Diagnoses

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2
Q

Make these words plural.

Lumen
Carcinoma
Pleura
Ganglion
Bacterium
Bronchus

A

Remove EN add INA - Lumina

Retain MA add TA - Carcinomata

Retain A add E - Pleurae

Remove ON add A - Ganglia

Remove UM add A - Bacteria

Remove US add I - Bronchi

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3
Q

-cele

A

hernia, swelling

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4
Q

-ectasis

-stenosis

A

dilation, expansion

narrowing, stricture

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5
Q

-iasis

-osis

-ia, -ism

-y

A

abnormal condition (produce by something specific like cholelithiasis)

abnormal condition (primarily with blood cells)

condition

condition, process

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6
Q

-penia

A

Decrease, deficiency

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7
Q

-rrhage, rrhagia

-rrhexis

A

Bursting

Rupture

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8
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment, development (dystrophy)

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9
Q

-esthesia

A

feeling

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10
Q

-duction

A

act of leading, bringing, conducting

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11
Q

-crine

A

secrete

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12
Q

-phon

A

sound, voice (microphone)

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13
Q

hemi-

dipl- diplo-

mono- uni-

A

one half

double

one

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14
Q

primi-

A

first

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15
Q

retro-

A

backward, behind

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16
Q

Name 6 “pertaining to” suffices

A

-ac, -al, -ar, -ic, -tic, -ous

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17
Q

-pexy

-plasty

A

surgical suspension or fixation (of an organ)

surgical repair

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18
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

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19
Q

-tome

-stomy

-tomy

A

instrument to cut

to forming an opening

Incision; to cut into

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20
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

21
Q

What is the band of scar tissue binding anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other?

A

Adhesion

22
Q

What is the protective response of body tissues to irritation, infection, or allergy?

A

Inflammation

23
Q

What is the body’s inflammatory response to infection in which there is fever, elevated heart and respiratory rates, and low blood pressure?

A

Sepsis

24
Q

What is the visual examination of the interior of organs and cavities with a specialized lighted instrument called an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _?

A

Endoscopy

25
Q

What is the radiographic procedure that uses a fluorescent screen instead of a photographic plate to produce a visual image from x-rays that pass through the patient, resulting in continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images?

Ex. A barium swallow

A

Fluoroscopy (sees bones) like a movie

26
Q

What is a radiographic technique that uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of the body?

A

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (sees soft tissue)

27
Q

What is a diagnostic technique that produces an image of an organ or area by recording the concentration of a radiopharmaceutical substance called a tracer; usually introduced into the body by ingestion, inhalation, or injection?

A

Nuclear scan

28
Q

What is the production of captured shadow images on photographic film through the action of ionizing radiation passing through the body from an external source?

A

Radiography

29
Q

What is a drug that contains a radioactive substance, which travels to an area or a specific organ that will be scanned?

A

Radiopharmaceutical

30
Q

What is a radiographic technique that produces a film representing a detailed cross-section of tissue structure at a predetermined depth?

A

Tomography (Tom/o means to cut)

31
Q

What is a narrow beam of x-rays with a contrast medium (provides more detail) or without a contrast medium that targets a specific organ or body area to produce multiple cross-sectional images for detecting pathological conditions, such as tumors or metastases?

What is a nuclear imaging study that combines CT with radiopharmaceuticals to produce a cross-sectional image of radioactive dispersements in a section of the body to reveal the areas where the radiopharmaceutical is being metabolized and where there is a deficiency in metabolism; useful in evaluating Alzheimer disease and epilepsy?

What is a nuclear imaging study that scans organs after injection of a radioactive tracer and employs a specialized gamma camera that detects emitted radiation to produce a three-dimensional image from a composite of numerous views; used to show how blood flows to an organ and helps determine how well the organ is functioning?

A

Computed Tomography (CT)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

32
Q

What is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound (ultrasound) waves that bounce off body tissues and are recorded to produce an image of an internal organ or tissue?

A

Ultrasonography (US)

33
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

34
Q

sarc/o

A

connective tissue/flesh

35
Q

chol/o

A

gallbladder, bile

36
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile vessel

37
Q

What patient position facilitates examination of the rectum?

A

Knee-chest position

38
Q

What patient position is used for vaginal examination and the Papanicolaou (Pap) test?

A

Lithotomy position

39
Q

What position is begins supine with legs bent at the knee sharply, feet flat, and is used to examine the vagina and the rectum in a female patient and the rectum in a male patient?

A

Dorsal recumbent position

40
Q

What position is laying on the left side with the left arm placed behind the body, and the right arm is moved forward and flexed at the elbow?

Both legs are flexed at the knee, but the right leg is sharply flexed and positioned next to the left leg, which is slightly flexed. This position is used to examine the vagina and the rectum in a female patient and the rectum in a male patient.

Used for enemas as well.

A

Sims position

41
Q

What position is where the patient is assisted into semi-sitting position?

The head of the examination table is tilted to produce a 45- to 60-degree angle, with the patient’s knees bent or not bent. An angle of 45 degrees or greater is considered the ?, while an angle of 30 degrees is considered ?

This position promotes lung expansion. It is used if the patient has difficulty breathing.

A

Fowler position.

High Fowler = > 45 degrees
Semi-Fowler = ~ 30 degrees

42
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

43
Q

-ad

A

toward

44
Q

-gen / -genesis

A

forming, producing, origin

45
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

46
Q

epi-

infra-

trans-

A

above, on

below, under

across, through

47
Q

caud/o

cephal/o

A

toward the tail; in the posterior direction

toward the head; in the superior direction

48
Q

What examining position is used for postural drainage?

A

Trendelenburg

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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