W1: S7 - The Hyoid Bone, Strap Muscles of the Neck and Cervical Plexus Flashcards
Identify the parts of the hyoid bone

- A. Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle origin
- C. Hyoglossus muscle origin
- D. Greater Horn
- E. Lesser Horn
- F. Body of hyoid
- G. Stylohyoid ligament.
What are the muscles/sets of muscles that attach to the hyoid bone?
- Suprahyoid muscles
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Hypoglossal muscle and genioglossus (muscle of tongue)
- Middle pharyngeal contracter (muscle of pharynx)
What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles? (MA DAD SELLS GAVISCON)
- Myolohyoid
- Digastric
- Stylohyoid
- Geniohyoid

What is the nerve supply of the myolohyoid muscle?
Myolohyoid nerve (V3)
What is the nerve supply of the geniohyoid muscle?
Hypoglossal nerve (C1)
What two nerves supply the digastric muscles?
- Myolohyoid nerve (trigeminal) [anterior belly]
- Facial nerve [posterior belly]
What nerve supplies the stylohyoid?
Facial nerve

What is the action of the suprahyoid muscles on the mandible and hyoid bone?
Depression of the mandible and elevation of the hyoid bone
What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles? TOSS
- T - Thyrohyoid
- O - Omohyoid
- S - Sternohyoid
- S - Sternothyroid

What is the nerve supply of the thyrohyoid?
C1 via the hypoglossal nerve
What is the nerve supply of the omohyoid?
C2, C3
What is the nerve supply of the sternothyroid and sternohyoid muscles?
C2, C3
What is C2, C3 better known as?
Ansa Cervalis
- Loop of nerves that are part of cervical plexus lying superficial to IJV
- Innervate infrahyoid muscles except thyroid which is innvervated by C2 via hypoglossal

What action do the infrahyoid muscles have on the hyoid bone?
- Depression
- Stabilisation
- during swallowing
What are the vertebral root values of the cervical plexus?
C1 - C5

Between which two muscles does the cervical plexus emerge?
“The cervical plexus is formed in the neck, and lies deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and anterolateral to the levator scapulae and middle scalene muscles.”
What nerve arises from the cervical plexus and travels through the thorax?
- Phrenic nerve
- Also has afferent fibres from pericardium