W1: S5 - Neck Flashcards
Identify the compartments of the neck
- Visceral
- Vascular
- Vertebral
What is housed in the visceral neck compartment?
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid glands
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Oesophagus
What is housed in the vascular neck compartment?
- All major blood vessels
- Vagus nerve
What is housed in the vertebral neck compartment?
- Cervical vertebrae
- Postural muscles (prevertebral and postvertebral)
What surrounds all three compartments?
Musculofacial collar
Label the vertebra
- A. Bifid spinous process
- B. Lamina
- C. Vertebral foramen
- D. Posterior tubercle
- E. Transverse foramen
- F. Pedicle
- G. Superior articular facet
How many cervical vertebra are there?
7
What type of joint is found between the occipital condyles and atlas?
Ellipsoid (synovial)
What type of joint is present between C1 and C2 at the odontoid peg?
Synovial pivot
What structures pass through the transverse foramen?
- Vertebral arteries
- Veins
What is vertebra prominens?
C7 - Long Spinous Process
What is the special feature of the spines of cervical vertebrae?
Bifid - transverse foramen
What curvature exists in the cervical region of the vertebra?
Lordosis
What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?
- Posterior - Anterior border of SCM
- Anterior - Midline
- Superior - Lower Mandible
What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
- Posterior - Anterior border of Trapezius
- Anterior - Posterior border of SCM
- Inferior - Clavicle (Mid 1/3)
What are the contents of the anterior neck triangle?
- Hyoid bone
- Anterior digastric belly
- IJV
- ECA
What is the origin and insertion of the SCM?
- Origin = clavicle and manubrium (two heads)
- Insertion = Mastoid process
If the RIGHT sternocleidomastoid contracts what are the two actions it has?
- Head tilts right
- Face turns left
What are the actions of the trapezius muscle?
- Retraction of scapula
- Superior rotation of scapula
- Depression of scapula
Which cranial nerve innervates the SCM and trapezius?
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
What triangle of the neck is the accessory nerve found?
Posterior triangle
What are the 4 divisions of the anterior triangle?
- Submental
- Digastric
- Carotid
- Muscular
Identify the 4 triangles here
- Yellow = Digastric
- Red = Submental
- Blue = Carotid
- Brown = Muscular
What are the boundaries of the submental triangle?
- Superior = Mandible
- Inferior = Hyoid
- Lateral = Anterior digastric
- Posterior = Myolohyoid
What are the contents of the submental triangle?
Submental lymph nodes
What are the boundaries of the digastric triangle?
- Superior = Mandible
- Inferior = Hyoid bone
- Medial = Anterior belly of digastric
- Posterior = Posterior belly of digastric
What are the contents of the digastric triangle?
- Facial artery
- Submandibular salivary gland
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
- Superior = Posterior belly of digastric and hyoid bone
- Anterior = Omohyoid
- Posterior and Lateral = SCM
What are the contents of the carotid triangle?
- Neurovascular sheath
- IJV
- ECA
- Vagus
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?
- Superior = Hyoid and sup. omohyoid belly
- Inferior = Manubrium
- Lateral = Omohyoid and SCM
- Posterior = Sternohyoid
What are the contents of the muscular triangle?
Infrahyoid muscles
What nerve structure is found at the floor of the posterior triangle?
Brachial plexus
