W1: S3 - Face Flashcards
How do the muscles of facial expression differ from skeletal muscles?
- Lie very superficial
- Attach to fascia/other muscles of directly to connective tissue in the skin
- A. Temporalis
- B. Occipitalis
- C. Masseter
- D. Sternocleidomastoid
- E. Frontalis
- F. Obicularis oculi
- G. Zygomaticus major
- H. Obicularis oris
- I. Buccinator
What is the function of the obicularis oculi?
Closes eye
What is the function of the obicularis oris?
Compression and potrusion of lips
What is the function of the buccinator?
Controls food synergystically with the tongue
What is the function of the platysma?
Depression of angles of mouth and mandible
What nerve innervates all the muscles of facial expression?
Facial nerve
Which foramen does the facial nerve (CNVII) leave the cranium through?
Internal acoustic meatus
Which foramen in the inferior skull aspect does the facial nerve emerge?
Stylohyoid foramen
In which structure does the facial nerve split into it’s terminal branches?
Parotid gland
What is a facial palsy?
Intracranial injury/damage in the facial nerve one side of the face resulting in palsy of the muscles of facial expression
What happens to the eyelids, corner of the mouth and cheek when the facial nerve is damaged (bells palsy)?
They’d all droop
What are the other two pairs of salivary glands besides the parotid?
- Sublingual
- Submandibular
What does the parotid gland extend to superiorly?
Zygomatic arch
Where does the parotid gland extend to inferiorly?
Angle of the mandible
What type of gland is the parotid gland?
Exocrine
Where do secretions of an exocrine gland secrete onto?
A surface
What muscle does the parotid pierce to enter the oral cavity?
Buccinator
Opposite which tooth does the parotid duct open into the oral cavity?
2nd upper molar
What nerve, vein and artery enter and leave the parotid?
- Nerve = Facial
- Artery = ECA dividing into Superficial Temporal
- Vein = Superficial Temporal
What division of the ANS is secretomotor to the parotid gland?
Parasympathetic
Which cranial nerve carries the parasympathetic fibres that innervate the parotid?
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
Where does the parotid get sympathetic innervation from?
Superior Cervical Ganglion
What are the 3 main divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
- V1 = Opthalmic
- V2 = Maxillary
- V3 = Mandibular
What artery is seen here?
Facial
What artery is seen here?
Superficial temporal artery
What bone does the facial artery wind around to reach the face and what gland does it groove?
- Mandible
- Submandibular gland
What muscle on the side of the face lies immediately posterior to the facial artery as it enters the face?
Masseter
What vein does the facial vein drain into?
IJV
What vein does the superficial temporal vein drain into?
EJV
What is the pathway of Facial Artery?
- Branches of ECA
- Grooves Submandibular Gland
- Curls over Mandible
- Travels anterior to masseter
- Terminates at medial commisure of eye as Angular Artery
