W01: Reproductive Anatomy - Female & Male

Question 1

What sits in the sacral curve?

Answer 1

Rectum

Question 2

Female Peritonisation (Pelvic)

Answer 2

RECTOUTERINE POUCH (Douglas)
+ posterior fornix nearby

VESICOUTERINE POUCH

BROAD LIGAMENT: wide peritoneal fold over uterus

Question 3

Uterus Ligaments

Answer 3

1. BROAD LIGAMENT
   - wraps around round ligament
2. SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT
   - wraps around ovarian artery and ovary vein
3. ROUND LIGAMENT
4. OVARIAN ARTERY
   - fibrous; anchors ovary to lateral walls of uterus

Question 4

What side of the broad ligament are the ovaries found on?

Answer 4

Visible on the posterior side

Question 5

What is the ROUND LIGAMENT

Answer 5

Embryological remnant of the gubernaculum

Now main content of female inguinal canal travels to the labium majora

Question 6

Sections of the Broad Ligament

Answer 6

MESOVARIUM: around ovary

MESOSALPINX: fallopian tube

MESOMETRIUM: surface of the uterus

Question 7

What is the angle of anteversion?

Answer 7

Where the lines of vaginal canal and cervix meets to create a typically right-angle point

Question 8

What is the angle of anteflexion

Answer 8

The line of the uterus meeting the line of the cervix. Here, the angle produced at the joining point is even moreso anterior and inferior

Question 9

Typical implications of anteversion and anteflexion

Answer 9

• allows uterus to expand anteriorly

Question 10

Pudendal Nerve

Answer 10

• lies on PIRIFORMIS, leaves via G SCIATIC FORAMEN
• originates from sacral plexus
• travels to ischioanal fossa beneath pelvic floor
• Pudendal N Block via transvaginal palpation; posterior to ischial tuberosity

Question 11

Cavernous tissue in external genitalia

Answer 11

• specialised for filling blood in wide spaces; increased pressure and turgidity = erectile response

1. CORPORA CAVERNOSA
   - supporting structures on the side
   - reduced in females = crus of clitoris
2. CORPUS SPONGIOSUM
   male = single bulb

female = vestibular bulbs (x2) lying deep to labia majora; urethra exists between; unified via glans clitoris

Question 12

Course of Sperm

Answer 12

semineferous tubules
rete testis
epidydimis (storage)
vas deferens
spermatic cord
inguinal canal => pelvic walls
enlarging and joining with seminal vesicles

ejaculatory duct empying to prostatic urethra = prostatic fluid

Question 13

Significance of the membranous urethra

Answer 13

Location of ext urethra sphincter (VOLUNTARY)

• most frequently injured; piercing = urine leak into deep perineal pouch
  = non funct. ext. urethral sphincter

Question 14

Male Peritonisation

Answer 14

RECTOVESICAL POUCH: deeper than females

Question 15

Location of the internal urethral sphincter

Answer 15

Neck of the Bladder (INVOLUNTARY)