Male Pelvis & Perineum Flashcards
Ductus deferens function
The vas deferens is a straight, thick muscular tube that conveys sperm from the epididymis to the ampulla and eventually, to the ejaculatory duct (formed by the convergence of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct)
Seminal glands function
The seminal vesicles (also known as the vesicular or seminal glands) are a pair of glands found in the male pelvis, which function to produce many of the constituent ingredients of semen. They ultimately provide around 70% of the total volume of semen.
Significance of the ejaculatory duct
the combination of the seminal glands and the vas deferens
drains into the prostatic urethra.
embryology:
SEED (male structures)
the following structures are derived embryologically from mesonephric ducts
S - Seminal glands
E - Ejaculatory Duct
E - Epididymis
D - ductus defferences
Innervation of the seminal glands?
The parasympathetic nerve supply of the seminal vesicles is derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus.
The sympathetic supply is from the superior lumbar and hypogastric nerves.
Lymphatic drainage of seminal glands?
external and iliac LN
Function of the prostate?
It secretes proteolytic enzymes into the semen, which act to break down clotting factors in the ejaculate. This allows the semen to remain in a fluid state, moving throughout the female reproductive tract for potential fertilisation.
2/3 is glandular, with 1/3 fibromuscular
What part of the prostate is the ejaculatory duct mostly associated with?
Central zone prostate
Arterial and venous supply of prostate
PROSTATIC ARTERIES
PROSTATIC VENOUS PLEXUS => INT. ILIACS
+ BATSON VENOUS PLEXUS => INTERNAL VERTEBRAL PLEXUS
Innervation of. the prostate
Inferior hypogastric plexus; sympathetic supply
+ associated neurovasc. bundles that are damaged during sx and can result in erectile dysfunction
Bulbourethral glands
The bulbourethral glands (also known as Cowper’s glands) are a pair of pea shaped exocrine glands located posterolateral to the membranous urethra. They contribute to the final volume of semen by producing a lubricating mucus secretion.
=> empty pre-ejac out into the spongy urethra
Embryological origin of the bulbourethral glands
urogenital sinus
(alongside prostate, bladder, urethra)
Vascular supply of the bulbourethral glands
- arteries to bulb of penis
hypgastric nerve
drains lymph: int. and ext. iliac LN
What structure do the testes use to pass through during development
inguinal canal
Fascial layers of the testis?
EXT SPERMATIC FASCIA
CREMASTER MUSCLE. + FASCIA
INTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA
