W&L pg. 240-321 Board Review

Question 1

The typical width of the spread-out proton Bragg’s peak (SOBP) is _____________.

a. 2 to 16 mm
b. 2 to 16 cm
c. 1 to 25 mm
d. 1 to 25 cm

Answer 1

b. 2 to 16 cm

Question 2

Cone beam CT _______________________.

a. uses a fan beam
b. has a 3D extended digital array
c. has an area detector with 2D extended digital array
d. has multiple rotational speeds

Answer 2

c. has an area detector with 2D extended digital array

Question 3

Which of the following is the only approach to managing motion that allows for real-time feedback?

a. 4DCT
b. Gated treatment
c. RPM system
d. Electromagnetic transponder

Answer 3

d. Electromagnetic transponder

Question 4

For the ultrasound unit to know where it is in reference to the linear accelerator, it must be ________________ with the treatment delivery unit.

a. Localized
b. Attenuated
c. B-moded
d. Registered

Answer 4

d. Registered

Question 5

Electronic portal imaging devices (EPID) can \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
I.   use MV and kV
II.  take orthogonal images
III. send images to multiple locations
a.	I and II
b.	II and III
c.	I and III
d.	I, II, and III

Answer 5

b. II and III

EPID uses only MV to create beam’s-eye view images.

Question 6

Which of the following is the motion management method that defines an internal target volume?

a. OBI
b. compression
c. conservative
d. MIP

Answer 6

c. conservative

The internal target volume approach is simple and encompasses the maximum extent of the target through the breathing cycle, thus making it conservative.

Question 7

Heavy charged particles like protons have a(n) __________ fall-off in tissue that is desirable.

a. continuous
b. Sharp
c. shortened
d. Absent

Answer 7

b. Sharp

An advantage of proton treatment is the Bragg Peak and the sharp fall-off.

Question 8

Which of the following is a goal of radiation oncology?

a. Reduce side effects
b. Deliver accurate and precise treatments
c. Increase toxic effects
d. All of the above

Answer 8

a. Reduce side effects

Question 9

As half-life increases, the overall activity ______________________.

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. remains unchanged

Answer 9

b. Decreases

The relationship between half-life and activity is inversely proportional. As half-life increases, overall activity decreases.

Question 10

Of the following, which radionuclide is used for permanent prostate implants?

a. Gold 198
b. Cobalt 60
c. Cesium 137
d. Iridium 192

Answer 10

a. Gold 198

Question 11

A beta minus particle is also known as a(n) ____________.

a. electron
b. proton
c. hadron
d. neutron

Answer 11

a. electron

Question 12

The coulomb is the metric unit of electrical ______________.

a. mass
b. charge
c. energy
d. frequency

Answer 12

b. charge

Question 13

Rest mass refers to the _______ of a particle when it is not moving.

a. energy
b. charge
c. Force
d. weight

Answer 13

d. weight

Question 14

A radioactive sample is measured to contain 1,000 mCi of radioactivity. If the decay constant of this isotope is 0.105 hr-1, how much activity will remain after 48 hours?

a. 6.474 mCi
b. 7.368 mCi
c. 0.154 mCi
d. 15.445 mCi

Answer 14

a. 6.474 mCi

At = Aoe–t = (1000 mCi)e(–0.105)(48) = 6.474 mCi.

Question 15

Wavelength is represented by ______________.

a. lambda
b. Hertz
c. Inch
d. second

Answer 15

a. lambda

Question 16

The unit for frequency is 1/sec, called the _________________.

a. lambda
b. Hertz
c. Meter
d. angstrom

Answer 16

b. Hertz

Question 17

Nuclear binding energy is measured in which of the following?

a. keV
b. Amu
c. MeV
d. Coulombs

Answer 17

`c. MeV

Question 18

When some energy is imparted to the electrons of the atom, they will move to higher energy empty states. This process is called which of the following?

a. Ionization
b. Excitation
c. Nuclear force
d. Frequency

Answer 18

b. excitation

Question 19

If sufficient energy is given to the atom, one or more electrons of the atom can overcome their binding energy and can be completely removed from the atom. This process is called __________________.

a. Ionization
b. Excitation
c. nuclear force
d. Frequency

Answer 19

a. Ionization

Question 20

The force responsible for interaction between particles with a nonzero mass and having infinite range is _________________.

a. Electromagnetic
b. Gravity
c. weak force
d. strong force

Answer 20

b. Gravity

Question 21

Convert 8.25 R into the SI unit of exposure.

a. 3.20 x 103 C/kg
b. 3.20 x 104 C/kg
c. 2.13 x 10–3 C/kg
d. 2.13 x 10–4 C/kg

Answer 21

c. 2.13 x 10–3 C/kg

1 roentgen = 2.58 x 10–4 C/kg.

Question 22

Drugs in the anesthetic category are intended to suppress which of the following?

a. Muscle spasms
b. Allergic response
c. Sensation of feeling
d. Blood pressure

Answer 22

c. Sensation of feeling

Question 23

Intrathecal administration means that medications are injected directly into which of the following?

a. Brain
b. Spinal canal
c. Bone joint
d. Urinary bladder

Answer 23

b. Spinal canal

Question 24

What type of medication administration bypasses the gastrointestinal tract?

a. Topical administration
b. Parenteral administration
c. Mucous membrane administration
d. Administration via the rectum

Answer 24

b. Parenteral administration