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Board Review > Mosby Test > Flashcards

Mosby Test Flashcards

1
Q 
The process of modifying the beam profile to optimize the dose distribution throughout the treatment volume is called:
A. beam targeting
B. intensity modulation
C. image guidance
D. dose volume modulation
A

B. intensity modulation

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2
Q 
The ratio of dose at depth in tissue to the dose at electronic equilibrium on the beam axis is known as the:
A. tissue air ratio
B. percent depth dose
C. scatter air ratio
D. field size correction factor
A

B. percent depth dose

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3
Q

When adjacent fields are used to treat deep tumors, the fields should be:
A. abutted on the skin
B. centered at the depth of critical tissue
C. separated on the skin and overlap at depth
D. overlap on the skin and be separated at depth

A

C. separated on the skin and overlap at depth

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4
Q

The _______ the rate the cellular division the more radiosensitive; the _______ the differentiation the more radioresistant.

A

higher, greater

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5
Q 
Wilm's tumor originates in the:
A. spinal cord
B. nervous system
C. liver
D. kidney
A

D. kidney

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6
Q

The thoracic vertebrae are about ____cm in length

A

2.5

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7
Q 
All of the following are signs of ovarian cancer except:
A. vaginal bleeding
B. abdominal bloating
C. constipation
D. nausea
A

A. vaginal bleeding

Ovarian cancer symptoms include abdominal bloating, gas and indigestions, nausea and vomiting, and change in bowel habits.

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8
Q 
The process of cellular growth and development is called:
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. differentiation
D. proliferation
A

D. proliferation

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9
Q 
All naturally occurring radioactive series ultimately decay to a stable form of:
A. bismuth
B. carbon	
C. lead
D. tungsten
A

C. lead

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10
Q 
As the overall time of treatment is altered, with fraction size and total dose remaining unchanged, the biological effect:
A. increases as time is shortened
B. decreases as time is shortened
C. increases as time is prolonged
D. remains unchanged
A

A. increases as time is shortened

If fraction size and total dose remained the same but the protraction changed, the biological effect would increase with shorter time and decrease with longer time.

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11
Q

The backscatter factor depends on (select two):

  1. field size
  2. distance
  3. energy
  4. time
A
  1. field size

3. energy

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12
Q

the parathyroids are located on the:
A. posterior surface of the left thyroid lobe
B. anterior surface of the left thyroid lobe
C. posterior surface of both thyroid lobes
D. anterior surface of both thyroid lobes

A

C. posterior surface of both thyroid lobes

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13
Q

A joule is a unit of:

a. absorbed dose
b. charge
c. mass
d. energy

A

d. energy

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14
Q 
It is important to detect a neoplasm early, when it is small, because smaller tumors show:	
A. slowed growth
B. fewer cells
C. fewer symptoms
D. low oxygen concentration
A

B. fewer cells

Early detection is important because fewer cells are less of a challenge to contain with management modality like surgery and radiation therapy.

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15
Q 
0.01 joule/kg is equivalent to:
A. 1 roentgen
B. 1 rad
C. 1 Gray
D. 1 bequerel
A

B. 1 rad

1 gGray = 1 joule/kg. Therefore 1 rad = .01 gGray = .01 joule/kg.

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16
Q 
The standard treatment of choice for most differentiated thyroid cancers is:
A. surgery
B. external beam radiation
C. chemotherapy
D. hormone suppression
A

A. surgery

For differentiated thyroid cancers, the treatment of choice is surgery.

17
Q 
The percent depth dose is 91.8% for a 10 MV beam with a field size of 12 x 12 at 5 cm depth and 80 cm SSD. Calculate the percent depth dose for the same field size and depth for 100 cm SSD.
A. 81.5
B. 83.8
C. 87.4
D. 92.9
A

D. 92.9

18
Q 
The true vocal cords are in the:
A. supraglottis
B. glottis
C. subglottis
D. epiglottis
A

B. glottis

19
Q 
The physical size of the treatment field is defined at the interception of the central axis at the specific isocentric distance and which isodose line?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 50%
D. 80%
A

C. 50%

20
Q 
X-ray photons that have been emitted but have not yet struck the patient is referred to as:
A. primary
B. secondary
C. scattered
D. attenuated
A

A. primary

X-rays coming directly from the source are referred to as the primary beam.

21
Q

For a controlled area, the shielding must be sufficient to reduce exposure to no more than:
B. 10 mrem/hour
C. 1 mrem/week
D. 100 mrem/week

A

D. 100 mrem/week

For sufficient shielding, exposure has to be reduced to 100 mrem/week (0.1 rem/week) for a controlled area.

22
Q

Which of the following is true regarding a source-surface distance (SSD) treatment technique?
A. Dose is normalized to the treatment depth.
B. Field size is defined at isocenter.
C. Dose is normalized to Dmax.
D. Percent depth dose decreases with SSD.
E. c and d

A

C. Dose is normalized to Dmax.

23
Q 
If the intended dose for treatment is 180 cGy, and a shadow tray with a factor of 0.97 is accidentally inserted, what actual dose is received by the patient?
A. 175 cGy
B. 179 cGy
C. 186 cGy
D. 200 cGy
A

A. 175 cGy

The shadow tray factor of 0.97 indicates that about 3% of the dose is absorbed by the tray and/or 97% of the dose is transmitted. 180 x 97% = 175.

24
Q

Soft tissue sarcomas usually spread:
A. through several neighboring muscle compartments
B. along the muscle plane and compartment where it originated
C. across muscle planes and compartments
D. toward the nearest joint

A

B. along the muscle plane and compartment where it originated

Soft tissue sarcomas often spread along the muscle plane and in the compartment where they originated. Even neighboring compartments typically go unaffected by tumor growth.

25
Q

The probability of bremsstrahlung production:
A. decreases with atomic number
B. increases with atomic number
C. is independent of atomic number
D. decreases with the square of the atomic number

A

B. increases with atomic number

26
Q 
The lobes of the thyroid gland are separated by the:
A. parathyroids
B. ilets of Langerhans
C. isthmus
D. hyoid
A

C. isthmus

The isthmus is a thin, peaked structure separating the bilateral lobes of the thyroid gland.

27
Q 
What is the tolerance for the daily check of linac output constancy?
A. 5%
B. 1%
C. 3%
D. 2%
A

C. 3%

28
Q 
What percentage of adenomatous polyps of the colon contains invasive cancer cells?
A. 3% to 5%
B. -6% to 8%
C. 10% to 20%
D. 40% to 50%
A

A. 3% to 5%

29
Q 
A type of blood cell that has no nucleus and biconcaval shape is the:
A. lymphocyte
B. erythrocyte
C. leukocyte
D. monocyte
A

B. erythrocyte

30
Q

Which of the following is true of Beta+ decay?
A. A proton is converted to a neutron.
B. A neutron is converted to a proton.
C. An electron is captured outside the nucleus and a neutron is converted to a proton.
D. It requires a transition energy of 0.511 MV.

A

A. A proton is converted to a neutron.

31
Q 
A treatment designed to be given at 120 cm SSD is mistakenly given at 100 cm SSD. What is the error in dose delivered?
A. 20% overdose
B. 20% underdose
C. 44% overdose
D. 44% underdose
A

C. 44% overdose

Use the inverse square theory. The distance has changed by 20%, so the dose must change in the opposite direction by a square of the distance changed. Check your work by substituting a number for an initial intensity.

32
Q 
The room temperature is 21.5°C, and the barometric pressure is 745mmHg. Calculate the temperature and pressure correction.
A. 1.018
B. 1.021
C. 0.978
D. 1.03
A

A. 1.018

((273.2+T)/295.2)) x (760/P).

33
Q 
The average rate for respiration in the adult, in breaths/minute is:
A. 40 to 50
B. 60 to 70
C. 10 to 20
D. 80 to 90
A

C. 10 to 20

Board Review (11 decks)

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