vygotskyl Flashcards
describe the main points of vygotskys sociocultural theory of dev
cog dev is context specific - social, cultural and historical
not individualistic but part of a bigger system
interaction between individual and society
development causes a qualitative change in thinking
interaction with more knowledgable people and social experiences causes development of cog function
what are vygotskys main ideas?
intersubjectivity, joint attention, zone of proximal development, social scaffolding, guided participation, cultural tools, private speech and make believe play
describe intersubjectivity
development of mutual understanding via communication
- imitation
- social referencing - look to caregiver to check if okay
- gaze following
- initiate joint attention - pointing to object
- response joint attention - gaze at same thing
- conversational skills
joint attention important for language development
describe joint attention and play
bigelow, maclean and proctor 2004
engage in appropriate rational play which is qualitatively different and developing
define the zone of proximal development
help and guidance from knowledgable person allows child to develop necessary skils to complete a difficult task
distance between rate of development when on own and rate when supported under adult guidance
describe social scaffolding
more knowledgable person provides context tailored to task and childs current level - develop cog skills
apply to academia
support gradually withdrawn until independent
direct instruction - suggestions - independent
describe guided participation
rogoff (2003)
apply to broad range of situations
more knowledgeable organise activity allowing less knowledgeable to learn
describe cultural tools
factors that influence dev
symbolic systems - ie language between parent and child
skills - ie language proficiency, ability to understand and interpret instructions
artefacts - physical necessities
values - parental, societal or individual ie time spent with child
others - economic ie ses, or technology
describe private speech
speech directed at self
4-6yrs
increase with task difficulty
piaget - speech and thought unrelated, egocentric
describe make believe play
form of zpd
advance skills
1 - create imaginary situations, use objects for diff purpose, realise thinking can be seperate from obects
2- rule based make believe strengthens capacity to think before act, follow rules and understand social norms
creasy jarvis and berk 1998
sociodramatic play allows children to be more co operative
implications of sociocultural theory for education
importance of social interaction with learning
importance of assisted discovery and reciprocal teaching
advantages of sociocultural theory
emphasise importance of context and guidance
explains cultural differences
education at home and school is important
scaffolding is important
disadvantages of sociocultural theory
role of social context and language exagerated
motivation, interests and abilities also significant
social interactions could hinder rather than help
social facilitation could account for effects of social interaction
bio may be more important
Describe bluens and been 1990
33 children observed once a year year for 3 years in classroom
Private speech gradually internalises
Task relevant private speech largely unrelated to task performance
-but pos relationship following year suggesting influence not immediate
Follows idea that private speech promotes task related behaviours -changes In private speech follow similar changes in self control and attentiveness over task
